Community Batch 21

اندمك 🌸👇 🦋 snail consider as : intermediate host of balharsia (chistosoma) 🦋cercaria tend to increase in : dry periods 🦋 major burden of chistosoma infection : ( all of the above ) population movement overcrowding and food poverty poor axcess to health service 🦋drug manegment of balharsia : praziquantel 🦋اجا سؤالين عن ال control للبلهارسيا 🦋life cycle of chistosoma جداااامهمهمهههه 🦋agent of cholera : vibrocholera 🦋كان في اساله تعريف ال incubatory carrier : short duration with potential infection contact healthy carrier : subclinical infection less than 10 days convalesceence carrier : patient recover from disease may continue excrete for 2 to 3 weeks choronic long term carrier : convulscense carrier without reseaving antibiotic treatment can reach 10 years 🦋control method of cholera : excreta disposal food sanitation rehydration and antibiotics 👉all of the above 🦋 اجا سؤال تعريف حاجه من شيت ال disinfection disinfection : thermal or chemical destruction most of the pathogen but not all of them 👉sterilization : compleate removal of all forms of pathogen ( هي الي اجت ) decontamination : process hat remove pathogenic from an opject to make it safe to handle germicide : agent that destroy micro organism 🦋 people with diabiteis suffer from : hyperglycemia 🦋infective material of hiv : blood semen secretions 👉all of the above 🦋في سؤال من شيت ال non communicable disease يا جايبين ال all are modifiable except او العكس 🦋 في سؤال جوابه كان heart disease مدري شو هو 😊 🦋 reservior of blaque : rodents 🦋agent of plaque : yersenia pestis 🦋كان في سؤال يقول all are way of rabies transmition except : تقريبا الاجابه كانت aersols of domestic animals 🦋tetanus : clostridium tetani 🦋first part effected by c.tetane : lockjaw 🦋 في سؤال جا عن monteux test شيت ال TB 🦋enteric fever transmition by : fecal oral rout 🦋most common cause of malaria : plasmodium falciparum 🦋preventive method of malaria : avoid mosquitous use bed nets wear long sleaves all of the above 🦋الموسم الي تكثر فيه الملاريا : summer high rainful 🦋الموسم الي تكثر فيه اللشمانيا : high tempreture low rainfull 🦋 اجا سؤال ابدميولوجي عن الايدز انه شو بيعملو عشان كنتروله : يأسسو جمعيات علاجيه مسح المجتمع كامل (🦋) اعتقد هي الاجابه تطعيم فئه معينه اظن جا سؤال تعريف وبدهم تحدد تعريف شو فأعتقد كانت الاجابه epidemic جا تعريف ال generation time صح وغلط time interval betweeen recipent of infection by host and maximal infectivity جا تعريف ال index case : first case that comes to attention of investigation جا تعريف ال pathogenicity ability of the infectious agent to produce clinical mainfestation جا تعريف ال infectivity : ability of infectious agent to invade and multibly كان في سؤالين ما اخذناهم بالشيتات الهم دخل بوزن الطفل المناسب او مساحه راسه المهم الاجابات ارقام والله مو متذكره شو كانت اجاباتهم

Mid-cardio 21 1/ In ECG P wave and PR interval ? * AV conduction 2/ ST segment *plateau phase 3/ cases about infection endocarditis- positive coagulative cocci ? * staph aureus 4/ risk factors not modifiable :? * genetic 5/ MI ? * necrosis coagulative 6/septicemia? * blood stream, multiple bacteria, toxic 7/ coronary receive blood from.. except..? * anterior cardiac vein 8/ cop true ? * 5 liter 9/ minor criteria? * p-r prolonged 10/ all the following structures open in the right atrium except? * right pulmonary vein 11/ first line on atherosclerosis? * fatty streak 12/ all true about blood supply except ? * circumflex in anterior part 13/ what true about atherosclerosis? * lipid exudation 14/ major duke criteria? * positive blood culture in typical organism 15/ pacemaker ? * sa node 16/ synthesis in liver? * c- reactive protein 17/ activation of lipoprotein lipase by? * apoC-|| 18/ factors increase cardiac output? * exercise 19/ ability of cardiac muscle to respond to adequate stimuli by generating an action potential? * excitability 20/ caused by closure of semilunar valves ? * second sound s2 21/ heart ... true ? * ECC and ICC dependent 22/ superior mediastinum contain ? *esophagus 23/ teratology of fallot ? *pulmonary stenosis & right ventricular hyperatrophy 24/atrioventricular sulcus ? *coronary sinus 25/ prevent regurgitation *papillary muscle 26/ right ventricle? *infundibulum & trabeculae 27/Abetalipoproteinemia causes ? *ApoB deficiency تنويه ؛ الاجابات ممكن تكون غير صحيحة أو عليها اختلاف

Mid-cardio Batch 20

Common causative agent for endocarditis Tetralogy Of fallot Fatty oxidation Of LDL FIrst step of atherosclerosis Source of energy of cardiac muscle Excitability P wave PR interval ST segment Certain kinase iso - Septicemia def Duke criteria IgM Jone criteria Mediastinum Apo lipidemia Protein found in extra hepatic tissue and liver SA node arterial supply ميد كارديو

كارديو نماذج ⬇️

اول سوال اذكره كان فيه واحد ياكل ولما يبلش اكل دموعه تنزل ! شو العصب الي تضرر facial nerve

عملي دفعة ٢١ 🟣 1) مجسم ال skull والاشارة لمكان فيه والسؤال عن المكان والي بمر فيه الجواب كان jugular foramen ويمر فيها internal jugular vein و9 &10 & 11 cranial nerves 2) مجسم ال skull والاشارة الى مكان الجواب : foremen ovale 3) مجسم للعين والاشارة الى عضلة فيها وما هو النيرف الذي يغذي العضلة ؟ الجواب : superior oblique muscle يغذيها trochlear nerve (4th cranial nerve) 4) مجسم الرقبة والاشارة الى عضلة فيها وما هي وظيفة العضلة ؟ الجواب sternomstoid muscle وكتابة وظيفتها 5) مجسم لل brainstem والاشارة على nerve فيها ووظيفته ؟ الجواب : trigeminal nerve وكتابة وظيفته 6) مجسم ال cerebellum ما هو ؟ واين يقع وما هي وظيفته ؟ الجواب : cerebellum .. in the posterior cranial fossa .. ووظيفته planning and programming + coordination voluntary movment + ... الخ 7) مجسم لل cerebral hemiparesis والاشارة ل area والسؤال عن وظيفتها .. الجواب : broca's area لل motor speech 8) مجسم لل cerebral hemiparesis والاشارة ل area والسؤال عن وظيفتها .. الجواب : wernicke's area لل sensory speech 9) اشرو ع منطقة فوق ال cerebellum ومكتوب شو المنطقة؟ اختلافات عالجواب .. Tentorium cerebri or straight sinus 10 ) cadaver جثة واشرو ع vessels بمنطقة الرقبة ؟ اختلافات بالاجوبة : Internal Carotid artery Or internal jugular vein ( غالبا هي الجواب ) 11) صورة باثولوجي وكتبو شو المرض والتغيرات الي فيه ؟ Psommoma body Meningioma 12) صورة باثولوجي المرض والتغيرات ؟ Tumor necrosis, pseudorosettes.. الخ Glioblastoma multiform العملي كان ١٢ سؤال فقط 💕

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1) copD in 1990 is .... 6the 2) Streptococcus pneumonia virulent factor... Polysaccarid capsulated 3) Peak flow meter 200 after salbutamol 250 ..... Reversible test** 4) Sternal angle ..... Between the 4 and 5 vertebrae 5) Maxillary sinus base is..... nasal cavity 6) Anterior intercostal Artery branch of... Internal thracic artery 7) Sphenothmoidal ..... Sphenoid sinus 8) Bronchial ton ... More in 6 a.M 9) Highest lung volume .... Athletic than non_ athletic * 10) Phagocytec cell Dust + heart failure cell 11) Strieted symptom upper obstruction 12) Croup cause by paroinfluenza 13) In 4 ribs ... Horizontal lung right 14) Patient with Chest pain plural thickning cause of .... methothelioma 15) Layenx open because of .... cartilage 16) Neunant IRDS .... Prematurity 17) Main causes of chronic bronchitis.... Chronic irritation 18) Anatomical Dead space in adult ... 150 19) Quat breathing ... Decrease interplural pressure -2.5 to -6 20) Extrinsic asthma main cell ... Mast cell

esothelioma 18. Chronic bronchitis •irritation of ..... 19. Neonal respiratory مدري ايش • prematurity 20. Pathology of asthma • mast cell

Mohammed Saleh: Respiratory System Midterm 1. Quiet breathing a. Decreases intrapleural pressure from -6 to -2.5mm Hg b. Internal intercostal muscles c. Mostly by diaphragm d. External intercostal muscles 2. Lung volume is usually lower in A. Males than females B. Elder people than younger C. British than Sudanese D. Athletic than non-athletic people 3. Pulmonary ventilation and perfusion are usually A. More at the base than at the apex B. More at the apex than the base C. Low pulmonary edema D. Equal at base and apex 4. Bronchial tone A. More at 6pm B. Decreased by irritants C. Has no relation to exercise D. Increased by adenosine A 30 year old man was stabbed in the 4th intercostal space with a knife. The doctor immediately covered his injury and began to examine him. His respiratory rate was 30/minute. 5. The doctor covered the site immediately to prevent A. Bleeding B. Entry of air in the lungs C. Pneumothorax D. Haemothorax 6. Man's respiratory rate was A Normal B. High C. Caused by pain D. No longer a voluntary action 7. Surfactant A. Is secreted by Type I cells B. Increases in long term 100% PO2 C. Increases surface tension D. Deficiency leads to IRDS 8. Nasolacrimal ducts drain into A. Spheno-ethmoid B. Superior meatus C. Middle meatus D. Inferior meatus 9. Pain in the parietal pleura is caused by A. Sympathetic nerves (cardiac plexus) B. Parasympathetic nerves (vagi) C. Intercostal nerves D. Phrenic nerves 10. Which muscle is completed anteriorly by the anterior intercostal membrane A. External intercostal muscles B. Internal intercostal muscles C. Subcostalis D. Transversus thoracis 11. Which structure is the foundation of the larynx whose lamina opens posteriorly A. Cricoid B. Thyroid C. Arytenoid D. Corniculate 12. The posterior intercostal artery that supplies the 1st intercostal space is A. Thoracic aorta B. Superior thoracic artery C. Internal mammary D. Musculophrenic artery 13. The main difference between the trachea and bronchi in terms of histology A. Respiratory epithelium are longer and goblet cells are more in bronchi B. Trachea contains more elastin C. There is a layer of smooth muscle between the mucosa and submucosa of the bronchi D. The submucosal trachea less serous mucin glands 14. Which of the following is true about the development of the respiratory system A. Lung bud appears at 8 weeks B. Respiratory epithelium is developed from the ectodermal layer C. The lung bud is in open communication with the primitive layer D. Larynx muscle develops from the endodermal layer 15. The following is true not about bronchi pneumonia A. Mostly in elderly B. In children C. Consolidates in part of or a whole lobe D. Pathological lesions at terminal bronchioles 16. Which of the following are one of the pathological stages of lobar pneumonia A. Red congestion B. Grey hepatization 17. A 40 year old was previously healthy had a sudden onset of severe dyspnea. A. Obstructed bronchi B. Bronchioelectasis C. Tracheal carcinoma D. Sudden chest trauma 18. Myobacterium tuberculosis and streptococcus pneumoniae A. Secreting myolic acid B. Transmited by inhalation C. Have capsules D. Remain in lungs and rarely enter bloodstream 19. Hib vaccine for A. Herpes B. Hepatitis B C. Haemophilus influenza B 20. The common cold is mainly caused by A. Adenovirus B. Coronavirus C. Rhinovirus D. Influenza virus ❇️❇️❇️❇️❇️❇️❇️❇️❇️❇️ 1. Anterior intercostal arteries are branch of : • internal thoracic artery 2. Sternum ..... • 4 and 5 3. Base of maxillary • alveolar process of the maxilla 4. Sphenoethmoidal recess : • sphenoid 5. Larynx always open •cartilage 6. Phagostic cell in the lung • Dust and heart failure 7. Fissure of lung • Right horizontal 8. Quite breathing • -2.5 -6 mm 9. Dead space •150ml adult 10. Athletic compare to non athletic 11. Reversibility test 12. Bronchial tone • 6 am 13. S. Coccus •pyrogen 14. ...... Pnemonia • capsule and something 🌚 15. Croup • rhinovirus 16. Strider : •upper respiratory obstruction 17. 44 year work in industry •m

respiratory final : 1) increare 2.3dpg : excersise 2) heart failur hypoxia : stagnant 3)type of hsr ? 3 and 4 4) respiratory center : effect by liw ph 5) increase bronchial tone : supstance p 6) posterior and interior intercostal nerve pass between 2 muscles : innermost and internal 7) curura of diaphragm : lumber 8) intercostobrachiosefalic is ? 9) main structure of gas exchange : alveoli 10) surfactant : type 11 alveoli 11) carotic chemoreceptor all false but one : type 1 cell sensitive in low o2 12) teritiary pharyngitis stage means : RF treatment 13) bronchodilation : beta 2 agonist 14) high atitude question 🤙 15) secondary tb : 🤗 16) concilidation : all of the above 17) nosocomile infection : spedomonus 18) what does not cause atypical pnemonia : corona viruse 19)partial plura : innervated by intercostal and pherinic nerve 20) injury to the nerve accompinig superir laryngeal artry : damage sensation abovocal fold 21) bilateral ronchy : bronchopnemonia 22) T2N0M1 : 🐛 metastatic 23) insert needle in second intercostal space : mid claviculer line 24) most appropriate place for insertion aneedle to prevent damage of nurovasculer bundle : 💃🏿 miidle or superior rib برضو مدري 25) penut intering and trachia diviation towored infected side : apsorptive 26) asthma patient blah blah blah : give salbitamol 27) diphtheria initial treatment : antitoxin 28) adenoviruses: form pharyngoconjuctivitis 29) adult respiratory system all false but true : alveolar diffusion 30) pnemothorax , hemdinamic change and shock : tension pnemothorax 31) muscle doesnt get tired cause : only 10% works 31) 50 years old person with concilidation : lober او bronch مدري 32)answer: perfusion have same amount of blood output 33) صورة الxray : pnemothorax and plural effusion 34) صورة lung hony: usual interstitial *table 1* tidal volume IRV ERV vital capacity ECapacity *table2* olfactory laryngeal recurrent n internal laryngeal n *table3* broncheal asthma centracenar panaciner choronic bronchitis bronchaictisis *table4* H. influenza M.diphtheria bara.infelwensa 3 bara.infelwensa 4 swine virus streptococcus byogen