Commerce Optional (UPSC-IAS)

👆topic industrial relations of paper 2

(2) Social Security Code It proposes a National Social Security Board which shall recommend to the central government for formulating suitable schemes for different sections of unorganised workers, gig workers and platform workers. Join🔜 @commerceoptional Also, aggregators employing gig workers will have to contribute 1-2 per cent of their annual turnover for social security, with the total contribution not exceeding 5 per.

Industrial Relations Code Bill, 2020 In this, the government has proposed to introduce more conditions restricting the rights of workers to strike, alongside an increase in the threshold relating to layoffs and retrenchment. The Code has raised the threshold for the requirement of a standing order rules of conduct for workmen employed in industrial establishments to over 300 workers. This implies industrial establishments with up to 300 workers will not be required to furnish a standing order, a move which experts say would enable companies to introduce arbitrary service conditions for workers. Join🔜 @commerceoptional These steps are likely to provide more flexibility to employers for hiring and firing workers without government permission.

👆Human Resource Principles @Commerceoptional

Human Resource Principles are a fundamental truth established by research, investigation, and analysis. The following can also be considered as the principles of Human Resource Management: 1. Principle of Individual Development – To offer an equal opportunity to every employee so as to realize his/her potential and capability. 2. Principle of the Scientific Selection – To place the right individual in the right job. 3. Principle of the Free Flow of Communication- To open & encourage upward, downward, formal as well as informal communication. 4. Principle of the Participation – To associate with employees at each and every level of decision making. 5. Principle of a Fair Remuneration- To pay fair and equitable wages & salaries to talented employees. 6. Principle of an Incentive – To review the performances of the employees and rewarding them accordingly. 7. Principle of the Dignity of Labor – To treat each and every employee with respect and dignity. 8. Principle of Labor-Management co-operation – To promote industrial relations and labor laws. 9. Principle of Team Spirit – To ensure co-operation & teamwork amongst the employees. 10. Principle of Contribution to National Prosperity – To provide a higher work purpose to all the employees and to contribute to the national prosperity and integrity.

👆Current affairs for Commerce Optional @commerceoptional

Banking Regulation (Amendment) Bill, 2020: ________________________________________ Context: Passed in Lok Sabha. The Bill replaces an ordinance to the same effect promulgated on June 26. 1. The Bill proposes amendments to the Banking Regulation Act, 1949. 2. With this new Bill, the central government aims to bring cooperative banks under the supervision of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Key changes: 1. Now, Provisions applicable to banking companies will also applicable to cooperative banks. This ensures that cooperative banks are equally subject to better governance and sound banking regulations through the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). 2. With the amendments, RBI will be able to undertake a scheme of amalgamation of a bank without placing it under moratorium. 3. It will help the central bank to develop a scheme to ensure the interest of the public, banking system, account holders in the bank and banking company’s proper management, without disrupting any banking functionalities. 4. The amendments also allow cooperative banks to raise money via public issues and private placements of equity or preference shares as well as unsecured debentures, with the central’s bank’s nod. However, the changes will not: 1. Affect the existing powers of the state registrars of co-operative societies under state laws. 2. Apply to Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS) or co-operative societies whose primary object and principal business is long-term finance for agricultural development, and which do not use the words “bank”, “banker” or “banking”. Why this was necessary? 1. This was felt necessary in the wake of the recent Punjab & Maharashtra Cooperative (PMC) Bank crisis. 2. Cooperative banks have 8.6 lakh account holders, with a total deposit of about ₹5 lakh crore. 3. Besides, Urban cooperative banks reported nearly 1,000 cases of fraud worth more than ₹220 crore in past five fiscal years. How cooperative banks are regulated? Cooperative banks are currently under the dual control of the Registrar of Cooperative Societies and RBI. While the role of registrar of cooperative societies includes incorporation, registration, management, audit, supersession of board and liquidation, RBI is responsible for regulatory functions such as maintaining cash reserve and capital adequacy, among others.

👆FACTORS DETERMINING CAPITAL STRUCTURE FM topics of Paper 1 of Commerce Optional. Join 🔜 for more updates @commerceoptional

👆OPTIMUM CAPITAL STRUCTURE FM topics of Paper 1 of Commerce Optional. Join 🔜 for more updates @commerceoptional

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EASE 2.0 Banking Reforms Index: ________________________________________ Context: Recently, the EASE (Enhanced Access and Service Excellence) 2.0 Banking Reforms Index on performance of Public Sector Banks (PSB) from March 2018-2020 was released and best performing banks on EASE were felicitated. What is EASE Reforms Agenda? 1. It was launched in January 2018 jointly by the government and PSBs. 2. It was commissioned through Indian Banks’ Association and authored by Boston Consulting Group. 3. EASE Agenda is aimed at institutionalizing CLEAN and SMART banking. 4. The Index measures performance of each PSB on 120+ objective metrics. Join 🔜 @economyupsc Also Join @civilservicegurukul What is EASE 2.0? EASE 2.0 builds on the foundation of EASE 1.0 and introduces new reform Action Points across six themes to make reforms journey irreversible, strengthen processes and systems, and drive outcomes. The six themes of EASE are: 1. Responsible Banking. 2. Customer Responsiveness. 3. Credit Off-take. 4. PSBs as UdyamiMitra (SIDBI portal for credit management of MSMEs). 5. Financial Inclusion & Digitalisation. 6. Governance and HR. Join @commerceoptional

👆Above discussion are related with Leverage subtopics of FM of Commerce Optional Paper -1 @commerceoptional