🔻استخدامی دبیری زبان ۱۴۰۵🔻

🔴🔴🔴 🔴 نکته 1 : Cram" courses" و "teaching to the test " مثال هایی از washback یا backwash هستند.

🔴نکته خیلی خیلی مهم : 🔴How to achieve beneficial washback or backwash : ✅1-Use direct testing ✅2-Make testing criterion -referenced ✅ 3-Sample widely and unpredictably ✅4-Base achievement test on on objectives ✅5-Where necessary , provide assistance to teachers ✅6-Test abilities whose development you want to encourage ✅7-Ensure test is know and understood by the teachers and students

🔴🔴🔴 🔴2-harmful backwash : ✅it happens when test items are based on an outdated view of language which has little relationship to teaching curriculum. ❌ for example : students following an English course which is meant to train them in the language skills ❌including writing❌ necessary for university study in an English-speaking country.

🔴🔴🔴 🔴1-beneficial backwash : ✅ A beneficial backwash results when a testing procedure encourages a "good" teaching practice. ❌ for example : the use of an oral interview in a final examination may encourage teachers to practice conventional language use with their students.

🔴🔴🔴 🔴 Washback یا Backwash می تونه به صورت دو شکل باشد : ✅1- beneficial or positive ✅2-harmful or negative

🔴🔴🔴 🌹به نام خدا🌹 🌺سلام و عرض ادب🌺 🌺جلسه سوم آزمون سازی آزمون استخدامی آموزش و پرورش سال 99 🌺 تاریخ :(1399/6/10) ⏰ ساعت : 24 🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴 🔴 تعریف Backwash یا Washback : خیلی خیلی مهم ✅The effect of testing on teaching and learning

❌❌❌با سلام جلسه سوم آزمون سازی امشب ساعت 24 برگزار می شود.