🌹‏إِنَّ رَبِّي لَسَمِيعُ الدُّعَاءِ🌹

مــلــخــص #CROWNـBRIDGE ➖Definitions : Crown and Bridge :It's a branch of dental science that deals with restoration of damaged teeth With artificial crown And replacing the missing natural teeth by Fixed prosthesis ➖Crown : It's A fixed Artificial restoration of the coronal Portion Of a natural tooth .It must restore The morphology ,contour And The function of the tooth And should protect the remaining tooth Structures from farther damage . ➖Bridge : It's a fixed prosthesis constructed to replace the missing [one or more ]teeth. The tooth that gives support to the Bridge is called an abutment tooth. ◼Components of the bridge: ➖Retainer: It's the part that Covers the abutment tooth Which could be major or minor . ➖Pontic : It's the part Of the Bridge that replaces the missing tooth ,Which is The suspended part of the Bridge .It Occupies the position Of the missing natural tooth ➖Connector : It is the part that Connects The retainer To the pontic, Which could be fixed or movable connector ◼Purposes Of crown Construction: 1-To restore the grossly damaged tooth, fractured tooth or a tooth With a heavy filling [amalgam or composite]. 2-To restore the masticatory function and speech 3-To restore the esthetic [Improve the patients appearance]. 4-To maintain the periodontal health By recontouring The occlusion And prevents food impaction. 5-As a retainer for the bridge . ◼Types of crowns : ➖Complete crown : It is the crown that covers all the coronal portion of the tooth ,Such as full metal crown ,Jacket crown which is a complete crown made of Plastic material. ➖Partial Crown : It is a crown That covers part of the coronal portion of the tooth such as 3/4 Crown . ➖Post crown: Crown with complete replacement of the coronal portion Of the tooth. This type of crown retains itself by means of a post extended inside the root canal of the tooth. ◼Steps in crown construction: 1➖Diagnosis : The first step should be diagnosis of the tooth and Surrounding Structures . a). Periodontal Examination : Proper oral hygiene Should be available to ensure that no plaque accumulation is formed on the crown margins which might lead if left to caries . B: Dental Examination: (i) Visual : The occlusion, Crowding ,Spacing ,Rotation of teeth are examined The condition of remaining tooth Structure and future treatment is also analyzed . (ii) Radiographic: The radiographic film reveals the condition and shape of the roots and surrounding structures, A lesion In the bone ,Root canal treatment ,Fracture in the tooth ,bone Loss , unerupted teeth , Size and number of teeth etc….These Information's Affects the prognosis Of the treatment . 2➖Tooth Preparation : It is the cutting or instrumentation of the abutment tooth to be in a form to seat a crown on it. Prepared tooth : It's the final form of a tooth after cutting (Preparation )procedure 3➖Final impression. 4➖Temporary restoration (Crown ). 5➖Construction of working model . 6➖Waxing. 7➖Investing. 8➖Wax Elimination . 9➖Casting . 10➖Finishing and polishing. 11➖Cementation Of the restoration. ◼Disadvantages Of crowns:- 1-Heat generation due to preparation of the teeth , this heat generation might affect the health of the pulp. 2-Periodontal problems ,food Impaction , and secondary caries might develop. 3-Over preparation can cause pulp irritation which might lead to death of the pulp, Therefore water coolant must be used during preparation procedure. Excessive tooth preparation can also weaken tooth structure . ◼Objectives of tooth Preparation:- 1-To eliminate undercuts from the axial surface Of the tooth . 2-To provide enough space for the crown restoration to withstand the force of mastication, This space depends on the material used ,So the metal material needs little space while the plastic material needs more space .

#Biologicـwidth Biologic width is the natural distance between the gingival sulcus (G) and the height of the alveolar bone (I). The gingival sulcus (G) is a little crevice that lies between the enamel of the tooth crown and the sulcular epithelium. At the base of this crevice lies the junctional epithelium, which adheres via hemidesmosomes to the surface of the tooth, and from the base of the crevice to the height of the alveolar bone (C) is approximately 2 mm. Biologic width is the distance established by "the junctional epithelium and connective tissue attachment to the root surface" of a tooth. In other words, it is the height between the deepest point of the gingival sulcus and the alveolar bone crest. This distance is important to consider when fabricating dental restorations, because they must respect the natural architecture of the gingival attachment if harmful consequences are to be avoided. The biologic width is patient specific and may vary anywhere from 0.75-4.3 mm. Based on the 1961 paper by Gargiulo, the mean biologic width was determined to be 2.04 mm, of which 1.07 mm is occupied by the connective tissue attachment and another approximate 0.97 mm is occupied by the junctional epithelium. Because it is impossible to perfectly restore a tooth to the precise coronal edge of the junctional epithelium, it is often recommended to remove enough bone to have 3mm between the restorative margin and the crest of alveolar bone. When restorations do not take these considerations into account and violate biologic width, three things tend to occur: chronic pain chronic inflammation of the gingiva unpredictable loss of alveolar bone

Laminate Veneers ... بالفيديو : كيفية عمل القشور وتحضيرها وأخذ طبعتها بشكل صحيح

Resin bonded retainer

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Fixed prosthodontics

Q/ᴡʜᴀᴛ ɪs ᴅɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴄᴇ ʙᴇᴛᴡᴇᴇɴ ᴄʀᴏᴡɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴠᴇɴᴇᴇʀ? -Veneers and crowns are both dental restoration methods that can improve the look and function of your teeth. The main difference is that a veneer covers only the front of your tooth and a crown covers the entire tooth. Veneer = Hollywood smile 💥

#معلومة non .setting calicium hydroxide يوضع فقط بعد تنشيق القنوات المتقيحه .. وبين جلسات الاندو ..وهو الدايكل الاصفر ...ونوضع فوقه قطنه وحشوة بولي كاربوكسيلات مؤقته

it is essential that preparation is carried out with copious water cooling, sharp burs and gentle techniques to limit potential damage to the pulp. 🔴Reference Planning and MakingCrowns and Bridges Fourth Edition Bernard GN Smith Leslie C Howe

#CrownـBridge #Designing_crown_preparations The principles of crown preparation design 🔶 The following factors need to be considered: 🔹 Materials 🔹Function 🔹Appearance 🔹Adjacent teeth 🔹Periodontal tissues 🔹Pulp ✅ Related to materials: 🌀Metal crowns: 🐚normally no metal surface should be less than 0.5mm thick and occlusal surfaces should be more 🐚 When distorting forces are anticipated, the design can be modified either by reducing the tooth more, and producing a thicker metal layer, or by introducing grooves or boxes into the preparation to stiffen the metal by producing ridges on the fit surfaces. 🌀 Ceramic crowns : 🐚 it is necessary to provide a sufficient thickness of more translucent porcelain on the labial/buccal surface of the crown to simulate the appearance of a natural tooth. 🐚 The edge strength of porcelain is low, and therefore the compromise at the cavosurface angle between brittle enamel and brittle porcelain is a 90°butt joint 🌀 Metal–ceramic materials: 🐚 A thickness of 2mm is ideal, but in many situations, for example lower incisor crowns, this is impossible because of the smallness of the tooth. 🔴 Margin configurations for crown preparations: ☀️a 👉 A section of a molar tooth. ☀️b👉 A knife-edge margin with a cavosurface angle approaching 180°. ☀️ c 👉 A chamfer margin with a cavosurface angle of 130°–160°. This is the most commonly used margin for metal finishing lines. It can be deepened for metal–ceramic margins. ☀️d👉 A finishing line with minimal tooth reduction but with a sharp step, prepared with a square-ended instrument producing a cavosurface angle of approximately 90°. ☀️ e 👉 A full shoulder with a 90°cavosurface angle which is used for ceramic crowns. When used for a metal–ceramic crown, the metal is either brought to the margin or finished short, leaving a porcelain margin. ☀️f 👉A full shoulder with bevelled margin for a metal–ceramic crown when the margin cannot be seen, for example at the buccal margin of lower molar teeth. A metal margin may be easier to finish and be less plaque retentive than porcelain. It is also easier to make in the laboratory. 🔴Related to function: 🔶 Occlusion - the cusps that function against each other in this way should be reduced more than other parts of the preparation. - With tilted teeth the occlusal reduction is often not uniform. 🔴 Related to appearance: 🔶 Labial, buccal, incisal and proximal reduction: 🔺 Adequate reduction of the tooth surface must be carried out on those surfaces where the appearance of the crown will be important. 🔶 Crown margins: The position of the crown margin in relation to the gingival margin affects the appearance. 🔺 Subgingival margins may have a better appearance initially but will sometimes produce a degree of gingival inflammation that, apart from possibly leading to more serious periodontal disease 🔴 Related to adjacent teeth: 🔶 Clearance to avoid damage to adjacent teeth 💥 the tooth surface must be reduced sufficiently to allow the full thickness of the bur to pass across the contact area within the contour of the tooth being prepared. 🔶 Path of insertion: When teeth are unevenly aligned, The solution is either to reshape the adjacent teeth or to design the preparation at an angle that permits the insertion of the crown. 🔴 Related to periodontal tissues: ♣️ The shape of the crown margin (the cavosurface angle) should be designed so that the crown surface can conveniently be made in line with the tooth surface. ♣️ Insufficient reduction at the margin can result in an overbuilt crown, which in turn produces a plaque retention area at the margin. 🔴 Related to the pulp: 🔶 When a vital pulp is to be retained within the crown preparation, a minimal thickness of dentine must be preserved to protect it. 🔶 The thickness of this layer will depend upon: 🔹 the age of the patient 🔹the condition of the dentine (i.e. the amount of peritubular and secondary dentine) 🔹and the type of preparation. 🔶 As with all tooth preparation https://t.me/densitysecond99

#crown_bridge The fracture repaired with composite following grit- blasting with alumina oxide particles and silane priming.