𝐙𝐀𝐆 𝐃𝐨𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐬 57 || Scheme

الهيبارين الصغير عنده غمازة( نغزة )وقاعد عند خالتي Daltiparin خالتي شبه ف النطق من Enoxiparin نغزة شبه ف النطق من LMWH----> enoxaparin. dalteparin Stimulate antithrombin مميزات الصغير ده ايه ؟! DAMBEE جانبي بس انطقها زي هجرس تبقي دامبي Duration. More Availability . More Monitoring . Less Bleeding . Less Easy to take . More Efficacy. Equal

أهم الأرقام الخاصة بال pathological changes during MI المتكررة في الأسئلة MI ---> 20 minutes of chest pain 0 – 12 Hours: No gross or light microscopic changes. The damage is occurring at a biochemical level, but the tissue still looks structurally intact. ​1 – 3 Days: Acute Inflammation The heart tissue undergoes extensive coagulative necrosis. Under a microscope, you will see edema, hemorrhage, and heavy neutrophil infiltration. ​10 - 14 Days: Granulation tissue replace necrosis The acute inflammatory cells begin to fade, replaced by fibroblasts and new capillaries (red- grey granulation tissue depressed). 2 - 8 weeks: Cellularity decrease and collagen deposition increase forming white-grey granulation tissue from border to center. ​3 Months & Beyond: Formation of a mature scar. Late complications are: Cardiac Aneurysm and HF All other complications are early (before 1st week)

CCBs Notes Amlodepine (DHP) زي"أمل" ف فيه 3 حاجات حلوة 1) Long lasting 2) Hypotension with no reflex tachycardia 3) VD of coronary without coronary steal phenomenon Verapamil (non-DHP) زي"villain" شرير ف فيه 3 حاجات وحشة 1) Liver impairment (not used for more than 1 year) 2) Consptepation 3) Decrease insulin release (CI in DM)

Anticoagulant

📝 mind map 📍scheme ORTAS H ده ال side effect بتاع heparin GRTAS ده ال side effect بتاع warfarin LMWH الفرق بين LMWH و HMWH

ORTAS H ده ال side effect بتاع heparin O-->osteoprosis R-->reversible alopecia T-->HIT A-->allergy S-->severe bleeding H-->Hyperkalemia GRTAS ده ال side effect بتاع warfarin G-->Git disturbance R-->rebound thrombosis after sudden stop T-->teratogenicity A-->allergy S-->severe bleeding

Theraputic uses of CCBs (هام بس ) H-> hypertension -> hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy A-> Angina -> arrythmia M-> migraine headache prophylaxis P-> peripheral vascular disease C> cerebral spasm ----------------------- Adverse effects of CCBs بيسبب (هلاك) H -> heart (negative in all properties) ->hypotension -> headache&flushing L->liver impairment with verapamil A-> ankle edema C-> constipation especially with verapamil

Hyperlipidemia

📝 mind map 📍scheme الأدوية اللي مينفعش ناخدها مع ال statins و ال resins - Side effects of HMG CoA reductase

الأدوية اللي مينفعش ناخدها مع ال Statins و ال Resins هنحفظهم في "Ferric أسود" و هنكتبها كدا FErrIC AThWD ■Statins not taken with F --> Fibrates Err --> Erythromycin I--> Itraconazole C --> Cyclosporine ■Resins not taken with A --> ADEK Vitamins Th --> Thiazide W --> Warfarin D --> Digoxin

12 B about B12 1- Beta globulin transport (transcobalamine II) 2- Pinocytosis in ileum (to reach blood) 3- Bone marrow storage 4- Bile excretion 5- Brain/nerve myelination 6- Blastic anemia (given in megaloblastic anemia with folic acid) 7- Pernicious anemia therapy 8- Beefed tongue (in B12 deficiency) 9- Peripheral neuritis symptoms (in B12 deficiency) 10- Parietal cell factor (need intrinsic factor) 11- Poisoning treatment of Cyanide (hydroxycobalamine) 12- Prophylactic in pregnancy

Primary atrophic rinitis or ozena عارف ايه اسبابها هريدي هرموناته بايظة دخل سباق بعربية اغذية اوتوماتيك وجاله ف الاخر infection ببكتريا اسمها ozena هريدي-----> Hereditary هرموناته بايظه---> hormonal imbalance سباق ----> racial طبعا دي معناها عرقي يعني متاصله ف دول معينه بعربية اغذية ----> nutritional deficiency اوتوماتيك ---->autoimmune بكتريا ---->klebsiella ozena

Upper respiratory tract

📝 mind map - All nose - All upper respiratory tract infections 📍scheme Primary atrophic rinitis ozena causes

Tonsillitis and lymphadenitis

📝 mind map Tonsillitis and lymphadenitis 📍scheme

Splenomegaly

📝 mind map Splenomegaly 📍scheme - Causes of Splenomegaly - Causes of L.N enlargement and Splenomegaly

تجميعات أدوية مهمة في ال CVS ●Drugs that decrease cardiac remodeling: - ACEI - Spironolactone ●Drugs that are cardioprotective: - Spironolactone - B Blocker ●Drugs that are C.I in Ventricular Arrhythmia and Wolf- Parkinson-White Syndrome: - Digoxin - Verapamil - B Blocker ● Drugs with S.E of Gynecomastia: - Spironolactone - Digoxin ● Drugs for Hypertension in pregnancy بترتيب الأفضلية: 1- alpha methyl dopa 2 - Nifipidine 3- B blocker 4- Hydralazine ● Drugs for Hypertension accompanied by another disease: - HTN+ Chronic kidney disease-->ACEI - HTN+ asthma-->CCB - HTN+ D.M-->ACEI - HTN+ BPH-->alpha blocker - HTN+ phenochromocytoma --> Labetalol ● Drugs for Hypertension Emergency: 1- Na nitroprusside 2- Fenoldopam 3- Labetalol 4- Hydralazine 5- Frusamide ● Drugs used for Angina بالترتيب: - Stable -->  B Blocker + CCB + Nitrates - Acute attack --> Nitrates - Prenzmetal--> CCB (Don't use BB) ● Drugs for Angina accompanied by another disease: - Angina + asthma --> Nitrates + CCB (Not preferred to use B Blocker) - Angina + CHF --> Nitrates + Amlodepine (Not preferred to use B Blocker and Verapamil) - Angina + D.M --> Nitrates + Amlodepine (Not preferred to use B Blocker and Verapamil) - Angina + HTN --> Nitrates + CCB + B Blocker ● Drugs that treat Digoxin Induced Arrhythmia: - Phenytoin - Lidocaine ● Drugs that are photosensitive (أي دوا فيه NO): - Na nitroprusside - Nitrates ● Drugs that don't cause reflex tachycardia: - ACEI - B Blocker - Amlodepine ● Drugs that don't cause reflex bradycardia: - Adrenaline ● Drugs that cause reflex paradoxical tachycardia: - Quinine - Procainamide (less) ● Cardioseletive and Non Cardioselective Beta Blockers ● Intraopertive drugs