Current Affairs ALL IN ONE ❤️

☑️GPT-6 Astra

☑️NRC ▪️To know more https://t.me/CA_AIO/287

☑️India- China Relations

☑️India-Russia Relations

▪️The Aravalli Range ✔️The Aravalli Range is one of the oldest Fold Mountain systems in the world, is stretched approximately 692 kilometres from Gujarat through Rajasthan to Haryana and Delhi, forming a discontinuous chain of ridges and peaks; and its width varies between 6 to 60 miles. ✔️The mountain range runs southwest to northeast, starting near Palanpur in Gujarat to Delhi. ✔️It is divided into two sections, the Sambhar Sirohi Range and the Sambhar Khetri Range, extended approximately 560 km, in Rajasthan. ✔️The highest peak of the range is Guru Shikhar (1,722 metres), located near Mount Abu. ✔️West of it lies the Thar Desert, and to the east of the range lie the Gangetic Plains. ✔️The Aravalli range acts as a natural barrier preventing the Thar Desert from expanding eastwards and helps to maintain the climatic balance of the Indo-Gangetic plains. ✔️The Aravalli range is one of the world's most ancient geological formations dating back to around 2.5 to 3.5 billion years ago, during the Pre-Cambrian era. ✔️The mountain is composed mainly of gneiss, schist, quartzite, marble and phyllite. ✔️It is also dominated by valuable minerals such as zinc, lead, copper, mica and marble. ✔️Rivers like Banas, Luni, Sabarmati, and Sahibi etc. Originate from the Aravallis, helping in feeding water-scarce regions of Rajasthan and Gujarat. ✔️The Aravalli ranges are the houses of several protected areas like Sariska Tiger Reserve, Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary, and Jaisamand Sanctuary and many sacred groves. ✔️Predominantly dry deciduous forests and thorny scrublands in this region support a vital habitat for a diverse range of wildlife, including the Leopard, Striped Hyena, Golden Jackal, Nilgai (Blue Bull), and various species of reptiles and birds, including the Indian Peafowl.

☑️Criticisms of the New Definition of Aravalli Hills ✔️Large-Scale Exclusion: The 100-metre threshold excludes over 90% of the Aravalli landscape, weakening ecological protection. ✔️Mining & Urbanisation Risk: Areas outside the definition may be opened to mining, construction, and urban expansion, reversing conservation gains. ✔️Ignores Ecological Continuity: A peak-centric approach neglects the ecological role of foothills, valleys, and connecting ridges. ✔️Threat to Groundwater Recharge: Disturbance of lower hills can reduce aquifer recharge across Rajasthan, Haryana, Gujarat, and Delhi-NCR. ✔️Desertification Risk: Weakening the Aravalli barrier may accelerate Thar Desert expansion, increasing dust storms and land degradation. ✔️Governance Gaps: Lack of detailed mapping and oversight may create regulatory loopholes and hinder control of illegal mining. ✔️Core Concern: Administrative convenience has been prioritised over ecological science and the precautionary principle.

☑️Issue Related ✔️In November 2025, the Supreme Court (SC) of India adopted a uniform definition of the Aravalli Hills as hills 100 meters or higher above local ground, sparking concerns that this could weaken legal protection for the range and make large parts of the Aravalli range vulnerable to mining and construction activities. ✔️The decision triggered public protests, political reactions, and the #SaveAravalli campaign Now, ✔️A Centre-appointed expert panel, before the Supreme Court’s stay, held multiple meetings and found that no single method reliably defines the Aravalli hills. ✔️Experts warned that strict criteria like the 100-metre elevation rule could wrongly exclude ecologically sensitive areas. Due to risks of degradation, the Supreme Court ordered a re-examination by domain experts.

☑️Aravallis

☑️Launch of GSLV-F17 carring EOS-05, naughty boy ▪️For more information https://t.me/CA_AIO/935

🔰 All In One current Affairs 🔰 🔴Date : 5th September 2026 ◼️(Indian Express, The Hindu, PIB)

☑️India-Nepal news

▪️Issue Associated ✔️The Chakma organisations have opposed the proposed deportation of 60,000 people belonging to the Chakma and Hajong communities from Arunachal Pradesh. ✔️They are ethnic people who lived in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, most of which are located in Bangladesh. ✔️Chakmas are predominantly Buddhists, while Hajongs are Hindus. ✔️They are found in northeast India, West Bengal, Bangladesh and Myanmar. ✔️They fled erstwhile East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) in 1964-65 and came to India and settled in Arunachal Pradesh. Reasons: Chakmas lost their land to the development of the Kaptai Dam on the Karnaphuli River, Bangladesh. ✔️Hajongs faced religious persecution as they were non-Muslims and did not speak Bengali. In 2015, the Supreme Court directed the Centre to grant citizenship to Chakma and Hajongs who had migrated from Bangladesh in 1964-69. ✔️They did not directly come into the ambit of the Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019 (CAA) because Arunachal Pradesh is among the states exempted from the CAA since it has an Inner Line Permit to regulate entry of outsiders. ✔️The 2019 CAA amended the Citizenship Act of 1955 allowing Indian citizenship for Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christian religious minorities who fled from the neighboring Muslim majority countries of Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan before December 2014 due to "religious persecution or fear of religious persecution". ✔️However, the Act excludes Muslims. Even as the original immigrants await citizenship, many of their descendants born in India who are eligible for citizenship by birth are struggling to enroll as voters. The refugees were given voting rights in 2004. ✔️For a very long time local people have been protesting against Chakmas and Hajongs because of their differing ethnicity. ✔️If the Chakmas and Hajongs are ejected from Arunachal Pradesh, Assam shall be the dumping ground for all the unwanted communities in the States covered by the Inner-Line Permit (Manipur, Mizoram and Nagaland besides Arunachal Pradesh) and the Sixth Schedule areas (Meghalaya).

☑️Chakma& Hajong communities: Arunachal Pradesh ☑️SIR https://t.me/CA_AIO/776?single

☑️Stegodyphus sarasinorum

☑️Spot Billed Pelican

◾️What is UNCLOS? ✔️The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), 1982 is an international agreement that establishes the legal framework for marine and maritime activities. ✔️It is also known as Law of the Sea. It divides marine areas into five main zones namely- Internal Waters, Territorial Sea, Contiguous Zone, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and the High Seas. ✔️It is the only international convention which stipulates a framework for state jurisdiction in maritime spaces. ✔️It provides a different legal status to different maritime zones. ✔️It provides the backbone for offshore governance by coastal states and those navigating the oceans. ✔️It not only zones coastal states’ offshore areas but also provides specific guidance for states’ rights and responsibilities in the five concentric zones. ✔️While UNCLOS has been signed and ratified by nearly all the coastal countries in the South China Sea, its interpretation is still hotly disputed.There is a maritime dispute in the East China Sea as well. ✔️India reiterated its support for the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). ✔️India is a state party to the UNCLOS. ✔️The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) does not have a single independent headquarters, as it is an international treaty rather than a distinct organization, but its key judicial body—the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS)—is headquartered in Hamburg, Germany.

☑️The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)

☑️India- EU, https://t.me/CA_AIO/716 ☑️Belgium Relations https://t.me/CA_AIO/893

▪️Coal Gasification process