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★Astronomy terms★
Exoplanet – a planet that orbits a star outside the solar system.
Quasar – an extremely bright and distant active galactic nucleus, powered by a supermassive black hole.
Apogee – the point in the orbit of the moon or a satellite where it is farthest from Earth.
Perihelion – the point in the orbit of a planet or other celestial body where it is closest to the Sun.
Zenith – the point in the sky directly above an observer.
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A Pulsar is a highly magnetized, rotating neutron star that emits beams of electromagnetic radiation from its poles. As it spins, these beams sweep across space, and if they point toward Earth, we detect them as regular pulses of radio waves or other radiation. Pulsars are formed from the remnants of massive stars after they explode in a supernova. They are incredibly dense and rotate rapidly, with some spinning hundreds of times per second.
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System. It’s a vast collection of stars, planets, and cosmic dust, all held together by gravity. Shaped like a spiral, the Milky Way has billions of stars and spans about 100,000 light-years across. Earth is located in one of its spiral arms, called the Orion Arm.
Here are some interesting and lesser-known idioms:
Bite the bullet – To endure a painful or unpleasant situation that is unavoidable.
Burn the midnight oil – To work late into the night, especially studying or working hard.
Fly off the handle – To suddenly become extremely angry.
A flash in the pan – Something that shows potential or looks promising in the beginning but fails to deliver anything lasting.
Cut to the chase – To get to the point without wasting time.
Pull out all the stops – To do everything possible to make something successful.
Throw in the towel – To give up or admit defeat.
Spill the beans – To reveal a secret.
Jump the gun – To start something too soon or act prematurely.
Swan song – A final performance or activity before retirement or ending something.
Traffic light?
We see it every day but rarely think about how it works. A traffic light consists of a housing made from durable plastic or aluminum to withstand weather conditions. Inside, there are LEDs (light-emitting diodes), which are much more efficient and long-lasting than older bulbs. The LEDs are connected to a controller that switches the colors at set time intervals. This controller is programmed based on traffic flow and can operate automatically or be connected to a central management system.
What layer of Earth is made up of liquid iron and nickel?
Here’s a list of useful science vocabulary:
Photosynthesis –
The process by which plants convert sunlight into energy.
Entropy –
A measure of disorder or randomness in a system, often associated with the second law of thermodynamics.
Isotope –
Variants of a chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Catalyst –
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.
Osmosis –
The movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
Genome –
The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
Nebula –
A cloud of gas and dust in space, often the birthplace of stars.
Gravity –
The force that attracts two bodies toward each other, especially the pull of the Earth that gives weight to physical objects.
Quark –
A fundamental particle that makes up protons and neutrons.
Ecosystem —
A community of living organisms and their physical environment interacting as a system.
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