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Physics       Unit 3 True or false 1. Deforming force is force used to change shape or size of objects. 2.  a body, when a deforming force applied chage its size and when remove the force it repaire to the original shape and size. It is plasticity property of an object. 3. Elastic limit is minimum deforming force up to which a body retain its property of elasticity. 4. If we use excess force apply than elastic limit , it can't regain its original shape and became plastic. 5. The amount of matter in a given space refer to mass. 6. Stress and strain haven't unit. 7. Stress is quantity that describe the magnitude of external force that act on an area and cause deformation. 8. Specific gravity is unitless quantity as it is the ratio of two densities. 9. Relative density of water at 5⁰ is  1. 10. Gold has low relative density. 11. shearing strain is when the deforming force are tangential, the shearing strain is given by the angle through which a line perpendicular to the fixed plane is turned due to deformation. 12. Tensile stress causes elongation of the object .         Answer 1.T                   7. T 2. F                   8. T 3. F                   9. F 4. T                   10. F 5. F                    11. T 6. F                    12. T #grade10 @knowledgebach9 @knowledgebach9

Economics 👉Theory of demand and supply ▎Demand Demand refers to the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices over a given period. The relationship between price and quantity demanded is typically inverse, meaning that as the price of a good decreases, the quantity demanded increases, and vice versa. This relationship is represented by the demand curve, which slopes downward from left to right. Key Factors Influencing Demand: 1. Price of the Good: As mentioned, there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. 2. Consumer Income: An increase in consumer income generally leads to an increase in demand for normal goods and a decrease in demand for inferior goods. 3. Tastes and Preferences: Changes in consumer preferences can shift the demand curve. 4. Prices of Related Goods: The demand for a good can be affected by the prices of substitutes (goods that can replace each other) and complements (goods that are used together). 5. Expectations: If consumers expect prices to rise in the future, current demand may increase. ▎Supply Supply refers to the quantity of a good or service that producers are willing and able to sell at various prices over a given period. The relationship between price and quantity supplied is typically direct, meaning that as the price of a good increases, the quantity supplied also increases. This relationship is represented by the supply curve, which slopes upward from left to right. Key Factors Influencing Supply: 1. Price of the Good: There is a direct relationship between price and quantity supplied. 2. Production Costs: An increase in production costs (e.g., wages, materials) can decrease supply, while a decrease can increase supply. 3. Technology: Advances in technology can make production more efficient, increasing supply. 4. Number of Sellers: An increase in the number of sellers in the market can increase overall supply. 5. Expectations: If producers expect prices to rise in the future, they may hold back supply now to sell more later. ▎Market Equilibrium The point where the demand curve intersects the supply curve is known as the equilibrium price (or market-clearing price). At this price, the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied. If the market price is above equilibrium, there will be a surplus of goods (excess supply), leading sellers to lower prices. Conversely, if the market price is below equilibrium, there will be a shortage (excess demand), prompting sellers to raise prices. ▎Shifts vs. Movements • Movements Along the Curves: Changes in price lead to movements along the demand or supply curves (e.g., a change in quantity demanded or supplied). • Shifts of the Curves: Changes in other factors (like consumer income or production costs) lead to shifts of the entire demand or supply curve. #grade10 @knowledgebach9

Deformation of an object refers to the change in its shape, size, or both due to the application of an external force or stress. Deformation can occur in various forms, such as stretching, compressing, bending, or twisting. There are two main types of deformation: 1. Elastic Deformation: The object returns to its original shape and size after the removal of the force, as long as the stress is within the material's elastic limit. 2. Plastic Deformation: The object undergoes permanent changes in shape or size and does not return to its original form after the force is removed, as the stress exceeds the material's elastic limit. Examples: Stretching a rubber band is an example of elastic deformation. Bending a metal rod beyond its elastic limit causes plastic deformation. #grade10 @knowledgebach9