Breezing English

despise #Vocabulary /dɪˈspaɪz/ verb: strongly dislike for someone or something She despises working with selfish people.

Modals: Can (1) #Grammar #Modal • Subject + can + 1st form of Verb + Object • Negative: Subject + can't/cannot + 1st form of Verb + Object • Question: Can + Subject + 1st form of Verb + Object

End #Idioms • be over the hump [informal]: past the most difficult or dangerous part of something • bring someone up short: make someone suddenly stop doing something • cut your losses: to avoid losing any more money than you have already lost • grind to a halt: to gradually slow down and stop • kill something stone-dead: to make something unsuccessful or destroy something • lay someone to rest: to bury a dead person • leave it at that: to not take any more actions • to the bitter end: until something is finished

Adverbs: Definitely, Probably #Grammar #Adverb • Definitely: without any doubt • Probably: likely Notes: • Definitely and probably come after the auxiliary verb and before the main verb and not in negative sentences. • If the negative contraction is used, definitely and probably come before it.

unanimous #Vocabulary /juːˈnæn.ɪ.məs/ adjective: agree or supported by everyone in a group This new proposal received unanimous support from the supervisors. Word forms: • unanimity (noun) • unanimously (adverb)

Past Modal Verbs of Deduction #Grammar #Modal • Must have: certain it was true • Can't/Couldn't have: certain it was not true • Could have: had the ability to do something but didn't do it • Could/May/Might have: possibly true in the past • May not/Might not have: possibly not true in the past Notes: • Past participle of the verb is used after the modal verb in past tense. • Can is not used as a modal of deduction. • Must not is used for prohibitions coming from a personal perspective.

Defining & explaining #Idioms • bring something home (to someone): to make someone understand something (especially unpleasant) clearer • cast/shed/throw light on something: provide an information to make it easier to understand • hit the nail on the head: to describe exactly what is causing a situation or problem • it's a long story: used when someone asks for an explanation but you do not want to because it would take too long • paint a black picture of something/someone: to describe a situation or person as extremely bad • put flesh on (the bones of) something: to add more details to a plan or idea to make it better or more complete • set the scene: to describe a situation where something is about to happen • that is to say: or more exactly

Modal Verbs of Deduction #Grammar #Modal • Must: certain it is true • Can't: certain it is not true • May/Might: possibly true • May not/Might not: possibly not true Notes: • Can is not used as a modal of deduction. • Must not is used for prohibitions coming from a personal perspective.

adequate #Vocabulary /ˈæd.ə.kwət/ adjective: enough or satisfactory for a particular purpose Please make sure you have adequate time to review the documents. Word forms: • adequacy (noun) • adequately (adverb)

Modals: Have to, Must #Grammar #Modal • Have to/Had to/Will have to (casual) • Must (formal) • Don't have to: not necessary Notes: • Must is used in only present tense. • Not allowed to indicates prohibitions that were imposed by an external department; must not usually indicates prohibitions that were coming from a personal perspective.