Important knowledge

⚡️There is no signs in mild dehydration ( there is only thirst )

⚡️ Dehydration is the most common cause of renal failure in paediatric age group ( د باسل )

⚡️دائما ال renal نصعدة ويه ال GIT بال Presented illness(احيانا نصعد ال neuro كذلك لانه قد تحدث fit )

⚡️ دائما نختم ال present illness بال feeding / sleep / activity

⚡️Ddx of Dysentery ( infectious) ▪︎entamoeba histolotica ▪︎Shigella

⚡️ child with gastroenteritis develop On - off crying = intussusception

⚡️Hyporeflexia DDX in neonate ▪︎Bilateral - premature - neonatal sepsis - Kernicterus - others ▪︎Unilateral - Erbs palsy - Clavicle # - humerus # - others

⚡️choanal atresia ▪︎is a congenital narrowing of the back of the nasal cavity that causes difficulty in breathing ▪︎Classic story is cynosis relieved by crying (because neonate is obligate nasal breathing and when he crying he open his mouth & permit O2 passge and relieve hypoxia )

⚡️Trophic feeding (ننطي كمية قليله اقل من ال required dose وبصورة متقطعه من ال milk حتى نحفز ال GIT بعدها شويه شوية نزود ال dose )

⚡️LP is part of neonatal sepsis screen (not done routinely in child more than 28 days) & if there is meningitis picture in LP , LP should be repeated before discharged from hospital

⚡️اي كيس neonate لازم تسويلة Random blood sugar بغض النظر عن ال presentation (مقيم ال neonate يستلم جهاز ال Random ذمة ويستخدمة اكثر من مقيم ردهة ال DM )

⚡️The most common congenital anomaly in infant of diabetic mother is Lumbosacral agenesis

⚡️infants of diabetic mother with (triad) 1- flank mas 2- hematuria 3- thrombocytopenia Indicate renal vein thrombosis

Neonatal cardiomyopathy

vernix caseosa white, creamy, naturally occurring biofilm covering the skin of the fetus during the last trimester of pregnancy Seen in post term & post mature neonates

head hood oxygen

⚡️Premature baby(preterm) Vs term baby signs in clinical examination ▪︎hypotonia (frog leg position ) ▪︎immature ear 👂 cartilage ( نسحبها ليورة ونحلها مترجع لمكانها ) ▪︎no breast tissue ▪︎immature genetlia (undesended testis) in male

Frog leg position Sign of prematurity indicated generalized reduction in muscle tone (hypotonia).

fraying & cupping of metaphysis X ray finding in rickets