Important knowledge

⚡️Germ cell tumours are the most common ovarian tumours in young women aged 20–40 years

⚡️the gold standard for diagnosis of endometrial hyperplesia is Endometrial biopsy with hysteroscopy

⚡️kallmann syndrome features - primary amenorrhea - absent breast development - presence of cervix and uterus - anosmia

⚡️Breasts are an endogenous assay of estrogen

⚡️Smoking 🚬 (& COCP) is protective from fibiod ☢️

Gide for post menopausal bleeding approach

⚡️Compined oral contraceptive pills is protective against endometrial CA

⚡️All women presenting with vaginal bleeding 2 years after premature ovarian failure or premature menopause.

⚡️ The most common cause of PMB is Vaginal atrophy (60 -80%)

⚡️The investigation of choice in : Endometriosis = laparoscopy Adenomiosis = MRI

⚡️ ال adenomiosis يصير بالكبار غالبا نهايات ال ٣٠ بدايات ال ٤٠ عكس ال endometriosis الي تكون اصغر بالعمر وغالبا تجي بعدها ممتزوجه

Advantages of laparoscopy in endometriosis diagnosis (عملي)

⚡️ Ca125 is marker for endometriosis (stage III,IV)

⚡️remember Medical treatment of endometriosis does not improve fertility

⚡️Endometriosis increase risk of alot of cancers but decrease risk (protect from) of cervical cancer

⚡️smoking 🚬 is protective factor for endometriosis ☢️

⚡️In vaginal bleeding اذا صار bleeding وراها صار pain نفكر بال miscarriage انا اذا صار pain وراها يالله صار bleeding نفكر بال ectopic pregnency

⚡️Medical abortion 7-10 w = mifepristone 10 - 24w = mesoprostol

⚡️Complications of cervical cerclage 1) Suture disruption 2) rupture of membranes 3) ascending infection (chorioamnionitis)

⚡️Contraindications for cervical cerclage -bleeding -ruptured membranes -uterine contractions