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2⃣ IF in fixed expression
Observations
• Many of the fixed and semi-fixed expressions in which of occurs can be explained into causes. Because they are shorter than clauses, they help speakers and writers use language more economically. They can be explained as forms of ellipses.
• IF in doubt is equivalent'if you are not certain/ sure.'
• If not and if so are used to signal whether conditions have been fulfilled. They usually follow another if clause , or a question:
'Look to see if it's raining. If so (if it is raining), I'm not coming for a walk!'
'Is it warm today? If not (if is not warm today), I'll stay in.'
• If possible and if necessary could also be expended into clauses ('if it is possible', 'if it is necessary'), and refer to a situation or condition to which they are linked. However, unlike if so and if not , they function within the same sentence as the linked condition:
'IF possible, bring a copy of your birth certificate.'
• IF anything is a fixed expression. It strengthens statement:
A:. Educational standards are getting worse.
B:. No they're not. If anything, they are improving.
Note that we can't say if something (yana owa holat🤦♀)(×) or if nothing (×).
• All the above can be placed either at the start or the end of the clause. If only and if ever generally start clauses, the first introducing wishes and the second strengthening a statement:
'If ever you visit Malaysia, you must visit my family.' (if you visit)
• If ever and if only can both be separated by the grammatical subject of the clause:
'If he ever / ever he had run his own business, he'd know how difficult it is!'
'If only/ only I had a bit more money, I'd buy that hat!
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🅱Grammar in action
1⃣Functions of if clauses
Observations
• In spoken English, if clauses do not only introduce conditions, but carry out a variety of functions such as explaining, suggesting, or giving reason.
• Whereas in writing we expect an if clause to be linked to a main clause , in spoken and informal context the if clause often stands alone as in (a) or (b)
a) [A student , Sally, is talking in a university seminar.]
Sally: When he experienced that, he realised that all the other great prophets before him weren't Buddhas ... in those days it was just in the same religious tradition ... tradition of enquiry, if you like, into the spirit.
b) [Some friends are looking at some photographs.]
Anne :. It's the shorter of the two. If you at this photograph here . Look back there.
Bella:. Mm
Anne:. If you look at this one ... where is it?
Sue:. No, it's the one before.
Anne:. Yeah.
Bella:. Yeah.
Anne:. It's the shorter one of the two.
@selfstudy_88
3⃣ If-constructions in speech
Observations
• IF is used, especially in spoken English, to signal requests or invitations to do something.
Using if in this way is less direct than using an imperative.
• An if clause can only be used in this way if the action is an expected part of the interchange :
'If we could (Yana boygi ahvol🤦♀) put our coats here.' (×)
'Excuse me, if you could (yana boygi ahvol🤦) direct me to the situation...' (×)
• The variety of functions which if clauses can perform is dealt with in more detail in the next section.
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2⃣Other conjunctions with conditional meanings
Observations
• IF is not the only word we can use to introduce conditional clauses. Conditions can be introduced in different ways by a wide range of forms (e.g. provided that, as long as, whether). Most alternatives to if add greater formality or are more likely to occur in written context.
• The most common alternatives to if is whether but if is still four times more frequent than whether in English.
• Some conjunctions can be used interchangeably with if:
'This article may be freely distributed on condition that/ provided that/ if this copyright notice is not removed.'
IF is the less formal equivalent of these forms, but can be substituted for either of them.
• Supposing (that) ... / given (that) ... are used to speculate about future possibilities and can sometimes be replaced by if:
'Supposing that / given that/ if we don't sell the house, we can still move next spring.
There are always more buyers in the spring.' (✓)
But:
This article may be freely distributed supposing that (mawtda supposing that ni ustiga chizilgan bolwi keregdi nu man unaqa qlomadm ozila cunvolasla end🤦♀) / if this copyright notice is not removed. '(×)
Observations
• Conditional clauses are normally used when you talk about a possible situation, both in the past and in the future.
• Conditional clauses are normally introduce conditions and, usually, another clause, linked to the conditional clause which explains the conditions or gives further information about consequences.
• Although there are many clauses which fit the 1, 2, 3 conditional patterns which you may have learned, there are many which do not.
• Most conditionals help us refer to situations which didn't happen. But conditional clauses can refer to conditions which used to prevail in the past and which really happened.
@selfstudy_88
If you don't understand or have any questions, you can ask me👉 @Jamolovna_19
I try to understand about it
#Grammar_Rules🤓
📌📌📌 CONDITIONALS📌📌📌
🔱 ZERO Conditional:🔱
FORM: If+present simple, present simple
USE: General or scientific facts and definition
✅ If the temperature falls below zero, water freezes
🔱 FIRST Conditional:🔱
FORM: If+present tense, will(shall) bare infinitive
USE: Real or likely conditions in the present or future and their results in the present and future
✅ If we study hard, we will take 9.0 score in IELTS😎🤲
‼️ We can also use SHOULD+BARE INFINITIVE instead of present simple. This suggests the situation is possible, but unlikely to happen
☑️ If you should bump into Alex at the concert, you will be able to get a lift home
‼️ We can also use a form of the first conditional to give instructions about real or likely situations in the present or future. This is: If + a present tense, imperative(qat'iy,keskin,buyruq)
☑️ If you decide to have a birthday party,tell me!
🔱 SECOND Conditional:🔱
FORM: If+past simple or past continuous, would + bare infinitive
USE: Unreal, Impossible, unlikely or hypothetical conditions in the present or future and their results in the present or future
✅ If you had a beard, you would look just like Charles Dickens!
Advice:
✅If I were you, I would think very carefully about my future. (more formal)
🔱 THIRD Conditional:🔱
Form: If+past perfect (simple or continuous), would+have+past participle
USE: Hypothetical conditions in the past and their results in the past.
✅If you had worn a fake beard, no one would have known who you were (=you didn't wear a fake beard so people knew who you were)
‼️ We can also use might, could or should instead of would, depending on the meaning.
☑️ If I had done some revision, I might/could/should have passed the exam.
⚡️@selfstudy_88
Today is a Grammar day! So we will learn some grammatical structures during the day!🤓
Stay tuned!
Ok guys👌 tomorrow we will learn Conditional Sentences🤓
STAY TUNED!😉
@selfstudy_88
📌📌📌📌📌📌📌📌📌📌📌📌📌
Friends,will it be useful for you if I open a new channel for beginners?
Then you can learn English from scratch:)
