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Karthik Raghunathan and Arushi Raghuvanshi Cisco Systems March 13, 2019 Conversational applications often are over-hyped and under perform. While there's been significant progress in Natural Language Understanding (NLU) in academia and a huge growing market for voice based technologies, NLU performance significantly drops when you introduce language with typos or other errors, uncommon vocabulary, and more complex requests. This talk will cover how to build a production quality conversational app that performs well in a real world setting. We will demonstrate an end-to-end approach for consistently building conversational interfaces with production-level accuracies that has proven to work well for a number of applications across diverse verticals. Building successful conversational interfaces involves choosing the right use case, collecting clean and relevant data, and breaking down the NLU problem into a series of solvable sub-tasks. All of today's most widely used conversational services have been built using a similar hierarchical NLU pipeline of domain-intent-entity classification that has become an industry standard, which we will discuss in detail. Our architecture further improves on this standard domain-intent-entity classification and dialogue management architecture by leveraging shallow semantic parsing. We observed that NLU systems for industry applications often require more structured representations of entity relations than provided by the standard hierarchy, yet without requiring full semantic or syntactic parses which are often inaccurate on real-world conversational data. We describe our approach and demonstrate how it improves the performance of conversational interfaces for non-trivial use cases. We end the talk by discussing the additional challenges in building a voice assistant rather than a text-based chatbot. Large vocabulary domain-agnostic Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems often mis-transcribe domain-specific words and phrases. Since these generic ASR systems are the first components of most voice assistants in production, building NLU systems that are robust to these errors can be a challenging task. We describe a few potential methods for handling ASR errors in the NLU pipeline, especially in the entity classification and resolution component which is most susceptible to poor performance from ASR errors. After this talk, attendees will have a better appreciation for the challenges and nuances of building real-world NLU systems, as well as a high level understanding of the best practices and components needed to build their own production quality conversational assistant. 0:00 Introduction 3:35 Cisco Webex: Meetings, Messaging, Calling, Devices 6:33 Face Detection 7:46 Intelligent framing for clearer communication 8:23 Face Recognition 8:57 Noise Suppression 17:03 Building production-quality conversational assistants is one of today's hardest Al challenges 19:30 With recent NLP advancements, why is building a production level conversational app so hard? 21:55 Selecting the right use case is essential 24:55 Conversational data is often collected via crowdsourcing tools 27:48 Key steps in a modern conversational application 28:34 Voice based conversational applications 28:58 Automatic Speech Recognition 31:15 Domain Classifier assigns the user query to a pre-defined domain 32:22 Domain Classification 32:53 Intent Classifier determines the user intent 34:08 Intent Classification 34:23 Entity Recognizer detects all relevant entities in the user query 35:35 Entity Recognition 45:12 Role Classifier assigns role labels to extracted entities 49:11 Role Classification 49:27 Entity Resolver transforms each extracted entity into its canonical form 51:41 Entity Resolution - Textual Features 52:28 Entity Resolution - Phonetic Features 56:00 Entity Resolution - Personalization Features 56:53 Entity Resolution on Noisy Voice Transcripts 58:16 Language Parser clusters extracted entities into meaningful entity groups

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The Scrapy Beginners Course will teach you everything you need to learn to start scraping websites at scale using Python Scrapy. The course covers: - Creating your first Scrapy spider - Crawling through websites & scraping data from each page - Cleaning data with Items & Item Pipelines - Saving data to CSV files, MySQL & Postgres databases - Using fake user-agents & headers to avoid getting blocked - Using proxies to scale up your web scraping without getting banned - Deploying your scraper to the cloud & scheduling it to run periodically ✏️ Course created by Joe Kearney. ⭐️ Resources ⭐️ Course Resources - Scrapy Docs:

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⭐️ Contents ⭐️ ⌨️ (0:00:00) Part 1 - Scrapy & Course Introduction ⌨️ (0:08:22) Part 2 - Setup Virtual Env & Scrapy ⌨️ (0:16:28) Part 3 - Creating a Scrapy Project ⌨️ (0:28:17) Part 4 - Build your First Scrapy Spider ⌨️ (0:55:09) Part 5 - Build Discovery & Extraction Spider ⌨️ (1:20:11) Part 6 - Cleaning Data with Item Pipelines ⌨️ (1:44:19) Part 7 - Saving Data to Files & Databases ⌨️ (2:04:33) Part 8 - Fake User-Agents & Browser Headers ⌨️ (2:40:12) Part 9 - Rotating Proxies & Proxy APIs ⌨️ (3:18:12) Part 10 - Run Spiders in Cloud with Scrapyd ⌨️ (4:03:46) Part 11 - Run Spiders in Cloud with ScrapeOps ⌨️ (4:20:04) Part 12 - Run Spiders in Cloud with Scrapy Cloud ⌨️ (4:30:36) Part 13 - Conclusion & Next Steps 🎉 Thanks to our Champion and Sponsor supporters: 👾 davthecoder 👾 jedi-or-sith 👾 南宮千影 👾 Agustín Kussrow 👾 Nattira Maneerat 👾 Heather Wcislo 👾 Serhiy Kalinets 👾 Justin Hual 👾 Otis Morgan -- Learn to code for free and get a developer job:

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