GiT Updates and More

⛔️New study on liver health! 📊 🔬A long-term risks of cirrhosis and liver cancer (HCC) across types of steatotic liver disease (SLD). ✅included - MASLD, MetALD, ALD.

💡Tips and tricks for approaching the difficult colonoscopy! On top of these, having patience and a good sense of scope torque/tension cannot be understated.

💡Non-invasive tests are valuable in diagnosing liver fibrosis in metabolic liver disease (MASLD) with moderate alcohol intake

Non-hepatotropic viral hepatitis: a narrative review

Non-hepatotropic viral hepatitis: a narrative review

Hypertension in CKD

✴️ ACEls and hyperkalemia: 💠potassium level must be monitored while patient on ACEl (K+ supplementation and K* sparing diuretics are used cautiously). 💠Serum K may increases with ACEl therapy due to aldosterone reduction. Potassium increase with ACEl monotherapy is small (typically 0.1 to 0.2 mEq/L) and usually do not cause hyperkalemia. 💠This may be risky if used in patient at risk of hyperkalemia as CKD patients ((GFR < 60 mL/min) or patients using other agents that can also raise serum potassium level.

💠ESC 2024: Hypertension in older than 85 yrs old : ✅When initiating BP-lowering treatment for patients aged ≥85 years, and/or with moderate-to-severe frailty (at any age), long-acting dihydropyridine CCBs or RAS inhibitors should be considered, followed, if necessary, by a low-dose diuretic if tolerated, but preferably not a beta-blocker (unless compelling indications exist) or an alpha-blocker. ✳️If BP drops with progressing frailty, deprescription of BP-lowering medications (and other drugs that can reduce BP, such as sedatives and prostate-specific alpha-blockers) may be considered.

💠Statins are used for dyslipidemia or evidence of atherosclerosis or patient at risk of ASCVD. ✳️HFrEF without comorbidities isn’t an indication of statin.

management of MAFLD ( old NAFLD )

MAFLD