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Weeks after attending a pro-Palestinian demonstration, Egyptian-American student Layla Sayed received a text message from a friend drawing her attention to a website dedicated to exposing people it says promote hatred of Jews and Israel.

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After the French success in the Battle of Na San, the battle of Dien Bien Phu is supposed to defeat the Viet Minh once and for all. But instead the weeks long siege becomes a symbol of the French defeat in Vietnam. » SUPPORT US

» THANK YOU TO OUR CO-PRODUCERS Konstantin Bredyuk, Lisa Anderson, Brad Durbin, Jeremy K Jones, Murray Godfrey, John Ozment, Stephen Parker, Mavrides, Kristina Colburn, Stefan Jackowski, Cardboard, William Kincade, William Wallace, Daniel L Garza, Chris Daley, Malcolm Swan, Christoph Wolf, Simen Røste, Jim F Barlow, Taylor Allen, Adam Smith, James Giliberto, Albert B. Knapp MD, Tobias Wildenblanck, Richard L Benkin, Marco Kuhnert, Matt Barnes, Ramon Rijkhoek, Jan, Scott Deederly, gsporie, Kekoa, Bruce G. Hearns, Hans Broberg, Fogeltje » SOURCES Lawrence Atwood, Mark & Logevall, Fredrik (eds.), The First Vietnam War: Colonial Conflict and Cold War Crisis, (Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press, 2007) Chen Jian, “China and the First Indo-China War, 1950-54", The China Quarterly, No. 133 (March 1993) Duiker, William J, “Ho Chi Min and the Strategy of People’s War” in Lawrence, Mark Atwood & Logevall, Fredrik (eds.), The First Vietnam War: Colonial Conflict and Cold War Crisis, (Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press, 2007) Fall, Bernard, Hell in a Very Small Place: The Siege of Dien Bien Phu, (New York, N.Y : Da Capo Press, 1985) Fauroux, Pierre, “Night Jump into Dien Bien Phu: An Eyewitness Account from a French Paratrooper Captured by the Viet Minh”, HistoryNet, (

Irving, Ronald E. M. The First Indochina War: French and American Policy 1945-54, (London : Croom Helm, 1975) Lawrence Atwood, Mark & Logevall, Fredrik (eds.), The First Vietnam War: Colonial Conflict and Cold War Crisis, (Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press, 2007) L’Herpiniere, Michel & Perkins, Mandaley, Hanoi, Adieu: A Bittersweet Memoir of a Frenchman in Indochina, (Enfield, N.S.W : Haper Perennial, 2006) Prados, John, “Assessing Dien Bien Phu” in Lawrence, Mark Atwood & Logevall, Fredrik (eds.), The First Vietnam War: Colonial Conflict and Cold War Crisis, (Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press, 2007) Thee, Marek, “The Indochina Wars: Great Power Involvement - Escalation and Disengagement”, Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 13, No. 2 (1976) Tønnesson, Stein, “The Longest Wars: Indochina 1945-75", Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 22, No. 1 (1985) Tucker-Jones, Anthony, Dien Bien Phu: The First Indochina War, 1946-1954, (Barnsley : Pen and Sword Military, 2017) Trương Như Tảng, Chanoff, David and Doan Van Toai, A Viet Cong Memoir: An Inside Account of the Vietnam War and its Aftermath, (New York, NY : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers, 1985) »CREDITS Presented by: Jesse Alexander Written by: Mark Newton Director: Toni Steller & Florian Wittig Director of Photography: Toni Steller Sound: Toni Steller Editing: Philipp Appelt Motion Design: Philipp Appelt Mixing, Mastering & Sound Design: http://above-zero.com Research by: Mark Newton Fact checking: Jesse Alexander Channel Design: Simon Buckmaster Contains licensed material by getty images and AP Maps: MapTiler/OpenStreetMap Contributors & GEOlayers3 Music Library: Epidemic Sound All rights reserved - Real Time History GmbH 2023