Nuclear physics 4 all 🌍

#facts_frist 🔋Do you know the inventor of Nuclear power ? 🕳 Enrico Fermi, an Italian physicist, led the team of scientists who created the first self- sustaining nuclear chain reaction. 4 These elements had about half the atomic mass of uranium. #for_books -------- @Nuclear_physics_4_allbot -------- @nuclearphysics98

What would you like to know more ? Nuclear physics - 190 👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍 73% Quantum mechanics - 71 👍👍 27% Space science - 35 👍 13% Particle physics - 39 👍 15% String theories - 20 👍 7% 👥 258 people voted so far.

#Nuclear.... 🛑 Neutrons 💢The neutron was the last of the basic atomic constituents to be discovered mainly because of their almost identical mass to protons and no electrical charge. A British scientist, James Chadwick, discovered these particles in 1932. Like protons, they are also composite particles made up of three quarks. However, they are not as stable outside the nucleus (free) as protons and decay within about 15 minutes. Neutrons, because they are uncharged heavy particle, have properties which make them especially interesting and important in contemporary science and technology. The many nuclear reactions induced by neutrons are the available source of information about the nucleus and have produced many new nuclear species. Neutrons do not cause ionization. However, they induce radioactivity and eventually lead to ionization by charged particles, which are produced during collisions with atomic nuclei, or via nuclear reaction. Neutrons have direct uses as research tools and have applications in other branches of science, such as chemistry, biology and medicine. The most striking use of neutrons is in the chain reactions involving fissile materials. The opening epoch of nuclear power was in military applications (nuclear bombs) and in nuclear power plants where they were used to initiate and sustain chain fission reactions necessary to create heat and thus generate electricity 🔌 . Another important application of neutrons is also being extensively used in radiation therapy to destroy cancerous tumor cells 😲 in the body. The wide uses of neutrons and applications of neutron physics depend on knowledge of the properties of neutrons and on an understanding of their sources and interactions with matter. 😎🙏✍ @Nuclear_physics_4_allbot📘📓📖📚 #share

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#rays G ̤a ̤m ̤m ̤a ̤ ̤r ̤a ̤d ̤i ̤a ̤t ̤i ̤o ̤n ̤​ Gamma radiation (γ emission) is a process of de-excitation of the atomic nucleus through the emission of a γ photon. The energy spectrum of γ radiation is discrete (linear). Since γ is one type of radioactive radiation, γ radiation is often considered a type of radioactive decay. However, in the case of γ emission, the composition of the atomic nucleus does not change (i.e., there is no change in the proton and neutron number). γ emission is a burst of very high energy as electromagnetic radiation of a very high frequency (wavelengths of 10–10 m). Since γ-ray is typically a photon, where photons are electromagnetic radiation with zero mass, zero charge, and a velocity that is always c, with energies in the range of ~ 0.1–10 MeV, the interaction of γ-ray with matter is markedly different from that of charged particles such as α or β-particles. Because they are electrically neutral, they do not steadily lose energy via columbic interactions with atomic electrons. @nuclear_physics_4_allbot -----here you get books and many useful items ! @nuclearphysics98 Touch here to share this channel for friends

#Quantum_physics.... 🍥 What Are the Lumps? 🥮 Planck had no justification for his pivotal introduction of lumpy energy. Beyond the fact that it worked, neither he nor anyone else could give a compelling reason for why it should be true. As the physicist George Gamow once said, it was as if nature allowed one to drink a whole pint of beer or no beer at all, but nothing in between.27 In 1905, Einstein found an explanation and for this insight he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics. Einstein came up with his explanation by puzzling over something known as the photoelectric effect. The German physicist Heinrich Hertz in 1887 was the first to find that when electromagnetic radiation—light—shines on certain metals, they emit electrons. By itself this is not particularly remarkable. Metals have the property that some of their electrons are only loosely bound within atoms (which is why they are such good conductors of electricity). When light strikes the metallic surface it relinquishes its energy, much as it does when it strikes the surface of your skin, causing you to feel warmer. This transferred energy can agitate electrons in the metal, and some of the loosely bound ones can be knocked clear off the surface. @Nuclear_physics_4_allbot @nuclearphysics98

#Nuclear.... 🔸Energy Released From Nucleus The interplay between nuclear and electric forces results in a variation of nuclear binding energy among nuclei. Energy can be released by breaking up heavier nuclei—the process of nuclear ssion—or joining lighter nuclei, called nuclear fusion. Both types of nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy than chemical reactions. Fission is the energy source for nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons. Fusion is the process that powers the Sun and other stars and is responsible for the creation of all but the lightest chemical elements. ➿

What is fissile isotope ?

〽️ A fissile isotope is one that will undergo ssion even if you strike it with a low-energy neutron, including uranium-233, uranium-235, and plutonium-239.♨️✍ 💮Are you seeking for books ? Just visit 👉 @Nuclear_physics_4_allbot ✍ @nuclearphysics98 #share

#Nuclear.... Beta decay (β) The theory of beta decay was developed by Fermi (1934) in analogy with the quantum theory of electromagnetic decay. Our concern is not the elements of this theory; rather we will be content to mention just one aspect of the theory, that concerning the statistical factor describing the momentum and energy distributions of the emitted β particles. Beta decay is considered to be a weak interaction since the interaction potential is ~ 10-6 that of nuclear interactions, which are generally regarded as strong. β-decay is the emission of electrons of nuclear rather than orbital origin. These particles are electrons that have been expelled by excited nuclei and may have a charge of either sign e-, e+. β -decay is the most common type of radioactive decay, all nuclides not lying in the valley of stability are unstable against this transition.These electrons are emitted with a continuous spectrum of energies. @Nuclear_physics_4_allbot @nuclearphysics98