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65M presents with history of vomiting fresh blood and melena. He underwent Endoscopic hemostasis was done using an endo clip.
Which of the following is the recommended duration for IV PPI ?
💡 Today tips:
In patients with membranous nephropathy, the risk of thrombotic complications is increase when serum albumin level is 28 g/L and highest when serum albumin is below 22 g/L
- so consider THERAPEUTIC ANTICOAGULANT in such patients
46F complaining from generalized muscle & epigastric abdominal pain for 2w. noticed her symptoms improve when drinks a cup of cold milk.
Ca normal
phosphate low Vit D3 low PTH within UNL diagnosis?
Clinical trials suggest that antihypertensive medication therapy provides the greatest benefit in reducing (50%) the risk of which condition?
Today tips:
Weight loss and Na restriction has BP lowering effects GREATER THAN OR EQUAL single drug therapy
male worked in military training and he had hard training. He presents with oliguria and multiple episodes of postural hypotension. Which of the following would support hypotension causing AKI?
💡 Explanation:
IDSA, ESCMID, and EAU guidelines currently categorize pyelonephritis as an uncomplicated UTI if:
- unknown urological abnormalities
- no medical comorbidities
- not pregnant.
Oral therapy is appropriate for outpatient management of patients who are able to tolerate oral antibiotic therapy and do not have sepsis or other complications.
First-line regimens include:
- Cefpodoxime 200 mg orally twice daily for 10 days
- Ceftibuten 400 mg orally once daily for 10 days
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 160/800 mg orally twice daily for 14 days
- Ciprofloxacin 500-750 mg orally twice daily for 7 days
- Levofloxacin 750 mg orally once daily for 5 days
هذا والله اعلم 🙌🏻
patient presents with uncomplicated pyelonephritis. What is the most appropriate management?
Don’t be tricked:
The presens of normal urine output or even polyuria does not exclude the possibility of post-renal AKI ✅
💡 Athero-embolic induced AKI findings:
History:
- Recent vascular intervention
On examination:
- Livedo reticularis
- Hollenhorst plaques on funduscopy
- Ulceration/Blue toe
Labs:
- Low complement
- Peripheral eosinophilia
- Eosinophiluria
36M known CD on steroid and 5-ASA therapy presents with purulent perianal discharge and is diagnosed with perianal fistula. What is the most appropriate management?
💡 Don’t be tricked:
AKI, Rabdomyolysis and TLS all can present with similar findings:
- Elevated Cr, K, Phosphate and UA
- Low calcium and pH
To distinguish:
- in AKI: look for nephrotoxic drug or volume depletion
- in Rabdomyolysis: myoglobinuria, CK >5000 and predisposing factors (exercise)
- in TLS: hx of lymphoma/leukemia or chemotherapy, uric acid cast in urinalysis and markedly elevated LDH
key findings in Aspirin overdose:
- Tinnitus
- Mixed Respiratory alkalosis + metabolic acidosis
- Hypokalemia
- hypoglycemia
- AKI
case of aspirin overdose. What is the likely electrolyte disturbance?
💫 Ring enhancement lesion causes: DR MAGIC
- Demyelinating lesion/tumefactive MS
- Radiation necrosis
- Metastasis: multiple, lung/breast
- Abscess: sounding vasogenic edema
- Glioblastoma: solitary, central necrosis
- Infection: Toxoplasma: multiple, IgM Ab
- CNS lymphoma: solitary & deep
