UPSC Optional Notes

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🛡️ *Non-Kinetic Warfare:- A Modern Strategy* ♟️ *Context* The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Defence is focusing on India's preparedness to counter hybrid warfare, which includes non-kinetic methods. 💎 *What is Non-Kinetic Warfare?* ♟️A conflict strategy that does not involve direct physical violence or traditional military force. ♟️Focuses on disrupting an enemy’s infrastructure, economy, or morale through non-violent means. 💎 *Key Tactics* ♟️ *Cyberattacks* Targeting critical systems like power grids or communication networks. ♟️ *Electronic Warfare* Disrupting enemy communication or radar systems. ♟️ *Psychological Operations* Spreading misinformation to lower morale. ♟️ *Information Manipulation* Using propaganda or disinformation to influence public perception. ♟️ *Economic Sanctions* Weakening the enemy's economy without direct engagement. 💎 *Hybrid Warfare Context* ♟️Combines non-kinetic methods with traditional military tactics. ♟️ *Example:* Russia’s cyberattacks on Ukraine's critical infrastructure alongside conventional warfare.

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