Important knowledge

☢️Complications ▪︎tonsillectomy = hyponasal speech ! ▪︎adenoid = hyponasal speech ▪︎Adeniodectoy = hypernasal speech (rhinolalia aperta)

⚡️All muscles of pharynx is supplied by vagus nerve[ CN X] Except Stylopharyngeus muscle innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve [CN IX]

Maxillary sinusitis (air fluid level)

Normal x ray

⚡️Hypertension doesn’t cause epistaxis ( but epistaxis is more severe and prolonged in hypertensives )

⚡️Artery of epistaxis is sphenopalatine artery (branch of maxilarry [external carotid])

#ENT 👂

⚡️Osteoclasis of the tibia used for severe genu varum

Benign tumors for review مهم

Perthe's disease stage 3

Pavlic harness for treatment of DDH before 6M age

Radiological signs of DDH

Clinical test for DDH

De Quervain Tenosynovitis هاي واحد يشيل طفل هوايه ويصير عندة الم بمنطقه ال thump يشخص clinicaly بفحص اسمة finkelstein test علاجة Rest & splint Local steriod (magic effect) (Surgery if medical failed)

مهم عملي MX : aspiration followed by local steriod If symptomatic > surgery ( total ganglionectomy)

⚡️abductor pollicis brevis is the key muscle to evaluate in EMG examination of carpal tanal syndrome

⚡️supraspinatus tendinitis is painless on external rotation

Position of posterior hip dislocation ▪︎This position is changes to external rotation if it is assotiated with neck femur or intertrochantric fracture

⚡️خطوات الحل في اسالة د سعد 1- view (AP, Lateral,sagital,.. ) 2- Immaging modality (X ray , CT, MRI) 3- Labeled or not ? 4- skeletally mature or not? 5- showing (bones in pictures) 6- findings Management 1- ABC (التفاصيل مطلوبه في ال spine وال pelvis ) 2- reduce (closed or open ) [skip if the # not displaced ] 3- hold ( internal or external fixation (spinal fixation in spine )] 4- exercise