IPH EXERCISE

A groundbreaking study on recent evolutionary changes in natural populations has been conducted by a team of international researchers. The study utilized a vast genomic dataset, one of the largest ever assembled for animals in their natural habitat, which included almost 4,000 Darwin's finches. #RA #Apeuni_1427 ——————————————————— 🎖Together we persevere, Together we can 🎖 @Iran_pte_house

📍#RFIB 📍#ANSWERS 📌#901_Amazon 1. Marvel (v.): to feel or express great surprise or admiration at something. 2. Species (n.): a group of animals or plants whose members are similar. 3. Bloom (v.): if a plant or a flower blooms, its flowers appear. 4. Visible (adj.): can be seen. 📌#881_Lower_Stress_Levels 1. Improve (v.): to make something better, or to become better. 2. Socialize (v.): to spend time with other people in a friendly way. 3. Connections (n.): joined together. 4. Starts up (phrasal verb): if you start up a business, company etc, it begins to exist.

The lower stress levels that people experience in nature can ---1--- physical health, in part by lowering blood pressure. Outside, people also may be more likely to ---2--- with neighbors. Those ---3--- can help people feel less lonely and generally happier. They also may lead to more exercise when someone ---4--- up a game of tag or Frisbee, or maybe suggests a bike ride. A) Plays B) Starts C) Connections D) Contributions E) Socialize F) Galvanize G) Improve #RFIB #881_Lower_Stress_Levels

The Amazon is an ecological ---1---. It accounts for more than half of Earth’s remaining tropical forests. Roughly 17 percent of the world’s river water flows through here. It also houses about one fourth of all land-dwelling ---2---. That includes its flowers: More types of flowers ---3--- in the Amazon than there are stars ---4--- to the naked eye in the night sky. A) Bloom B) Domination C) Species D) Considerable E) Crowded F) Visible G) Marvel #RFIB #901_Amazon

📍ANSWERS 1. B. Offer (v.) 2. D. Pose (v.): to exist in a way that may cause a problem, danger, difficulty etc. 3. B. Have shown (v.) 4. A. Exacerbate (v.): to make a bad situation worse. 5. D. Promoting (v.): to help something to develop. #RWFIB #1045_Social_Media

Social media's impact on the youth has been a topic of considerable debate. Platforms like Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook ---1--- spaces for social interaction, self-expression, and information sharing. However, they also ---2--- risks such as cyber-bullying, exposure to inappropriate content, and the impact on mental health. Studies ---3--- that excessive use of social media can lead to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness in young people. The pressure to maintain a certain image online and the constant comparison with others can ---4--- these feelings. On the positive side, social media can also provide support networks, educational content, and opportunities for civic engagement among youth. The challenge lies in achieving a balance, ---5--- safe and responsible use of these platforms. 1) A. was offered B. offer C. to offer D. offering 2) A. to pose B. had been posed C. posing D. pose 3) A. has showed B. have shown C. to show D. shows 4) A. exacerbate B. exacerbating C. to exacerbate D. exacerbated 5) A. had promoted B. promoted C. had been promoting D. promoting #RWFIB #1045_Social_Media

📍ANSWERS 1. C. To prevent (v.): keep (something) from happening. 2. B. Maintaining (v.): cause or enable (a condition or situation) to continue. 3. D. Set out (phrasal verb): begin a journey. 4. B. Emerging (v.): become apparent or prominent. 5. A. Advocating (v.): publicly recommend or support. 6. C. Enduring (v.): remain in existence; last. #RWFIB #993_United_Nations

Following World War II, a paradigm shift in international relations led to the establishment of the United Nations in 1945. Formed in response to the need for a more effective global peacekeeping framework, the UN aimed ---1--- future conflicts and promote cooperation among nations. The initial membership compromised 51 countries, each committed to ---2--- international security, fostering economic development, and upholding human rights standards. This groundbreaking institution ---3--- out to counterbalance the pre-eminence of any single global power, advocating for multilateralism and collective decision-making on critical issues. Over the decades, the UN expanded to encompass 193 member states, adapting its mission to confront ---4--- challenges like climate change, terrorism, and humanitarian crises. Despite its complexities, the UN remains a pivotal force in international affairs, mediating conflicts, delivering aid, and ---5--- for human dignity worldwide. The organization’s ongoing evolution reflects both the ---6--- significance of global cooperation and the imperatives of an ever-changing geopolitical landscape. 1) A. prevent B. must prevent C. to prevent D. has prevented 2) A. maintained B. maintaining C. maintenance D. maintain 3) A. put B. went C. called D. set 4) A. emerges B. emerging C. is emerged D. have emerged 5) A. advocating B. is advocated C. has been advocated D. had advocated 6) A. endures B. endured C. enduring D. being endured #RWFIB #993_United_Nations

📍ANSWERS 1. B. Is outpacing (v.): go, rise, or improve faster than. 2. B. Is leading (v.) 3. C. Anticipated (v.): regard as probable; expect or predict. 4. A. Damaged (v.): inflict physical harm on something. 5. A. Were relied (v.): be dependent on. 6. D. Will be (v.) 7. C. Existing (v.): live. #RWFIB #1014_Silent_Alarm

Firstly, the environmental research community is experiencing a silent alarm, as the pace of ecological degradation ---1--- their projections. The rate of deforestation and habitat loss, especially in the Amazon and Southeast Asian rainforests, is exceeding prior estimates. This ---2--- to a catastrophic loss of biodiversity and an acceleration in the extinction of numerous species. Concurrently, ocean pollution, particularly plastic contamination, is growing more rapidly than ---3---, affecting marine life and coral reefs worldwide. The Great Barrier Reef, for example, is experiencing unprecedented levels of bleaching and may be irreversibly ---4--- within a decade. The environmental reports and predictions that ---5--- upon by various governments and organizations are now seen as outdated and overly optimistic. Secondly, one of the most immediate consequences of this environmental crisis ---6--- its impact on human health and livelihoods. As global temperatures continue to rise - a situation that is now inevitable due to ---7--- levels of greenhouse gases - the incidence of health issues related to pollution and heatwaves will increase dramatically. This will disproportionately affect vulnerable populations in developing countries, leading to widespread health crises and exacerbating existing socioeconomic disparities. 1) A. outpaced B. is outpacing C. has been outpacing D. outpaces 2) A. have led B. is leading C. to lead D. leads 3) A. anticipates B. is anticipating C. anticipated D. being anticipated 4) A. damaged B. damaging C. has damaged D. damages 5) A. were relied B. had relied C. is relying D. relies 6) A. to be B. should be C. being D. will be 7) A. had existed B. exists C. existing D. being existed #RWFIB #1014_Silent_Alarm

📍ANSWERS 1. A. Reflects (v.) 2. C. Reinforce (v.): strengthen or support. 3. D. Has made (v.) 4. C. Raising (adj.) 5. B. Highlights (v.): draw special attention to. 6. B. Carries (v.) #RWFIB #1109_Food_Sociology

Food is not just a basic human need but a complex social indicator that ---1--- personal identity, cultural traditions, and socio-economic status. The sociology of food examines how what we eat defines our relationships within families, communities, and societies. It explores the rituals of eating together, which ---2--- social bonds and cultural norms, and how these practices vary widely across different cultures. Food can also be a symbol of social differentiation, where dietary choices and food availability reflect underlying economic inequalities and health disparities. The global food system, with its intricate supply chains, ---3--- diverse cuisines accessible, contributing to the fusion of culinary traditions but also ---4--- ethical concerns about sustainability, food security, and the environmental impact of food production. The rise of movements such as farm-to-table and organic eating ---5--- a growing awareness of the connection between food, health, and the environment. Analyzing food from a sociological perspective reveals the layers of meaning it ---6--- beyond mere sustenance, encompassing issues of power, tradition, and resistance in a globalized world. 1) A. reflects B. is being reflected C. have reflected D. reflecting 2) A. reinforces B. is reinforced C. reinforce D. had reinforced 3) A. made B. had made C. making D. has made 4) A. has risen B. raised C. raising D. being raised 5) A. being highlighted B. highlights C. highlighted D. highlight 6) A. has been carried B. carries C. is carried D. is carrying #RWFIB #1109_Food_Sociology

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