Q. Differentiate between climate adaptation and mitigation strategies in the Indian context. Examine the implementation and benefits of the MISHTI programme highlighting how it utilizes convergence mode funding (CAMPA, MGNREGA) to achieve both environmental resilience and livelihood enhancement for coastal communities.
(600 Words | 15 Marks)
Q. Discuss the strategic importance of India’s push for export diversification beyond traditional markets amidst rising geo-economic fragmentation (GEF) and trade restrictions globally. How do trade facilitation initiatives like the electronic Bank Realisation Certificate (e-BRC) system and the Trade Connect e-Platform help MSMEs overcome administrative costs and information asymmetry to succeed in new markets.
(600 Words | 15 Marks)
Q. Global economic uncertainty is characterized by a "backsliding of economic integration" and rising geo-economic fragmentation. In this context, discuss the strategic importance of developing indigenous digital public infrastructure like 'BharatTradeNet' (BTN) and the push for domestic manufacturing capacity to enhance India's integration with resilient global supply chains.
(400 Words | 10 Marks)
Q. Discuss the policy framework of the LiFE Mission and evaluate key initiatives, such as the Green Credit Programme (GCP) and the promotion of vertical gardens in urban areas, in encouraging behavioral change and fostering a circular economy.
(400 words | 10 Marks)
Q. Analyze the structural importance of NaBFID and IIFCL as Development Financial Institutions (DFIs) in India’s infrastructure ecosystem. How do these institutions address the challenge of long-term capital requirement, and what specific risks are NaBFID's long-tenor, fixed interest rate loans designed to mitigate for infrastructure developers?
(Less likely to be asked but do read)
Q. Analyze the phenomenon of FDI repatriation and its implications for India’s Current Account Deficit (CAD) sustainability. Given the global retreat from globalization and intensified competition for capital, what two strategic policy options does India have to sustain its investment needs when supplementing domestic savings with foreign capital becomes problematic?
(600 Words | 15 Marks) - Less Likely but do Cover.
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