Evalyst IAS

Emocracy: ‘Emocracy’ (Emotion-Driven Democracy) refers to governance influenced by emotions rather than rational policy-making. It replaces evidence-based decision-making with populist rhetoric and emotionally charged narratives. Key Features of Emocracy: Emotion Driven policies- Governance decisions are based on public sentiments rather than long-term planning. Rise of Populism: Leaders focus on short-term popularity gains through excessive electoral promises. Weakened Institutional Decision-Making: Political discourse is shaped by emotional appeal, sidelining expert-driven policies. Economic Burden: Unplanned social spending reduces government investment in critical infrastructure. Declining Democratic Accountability: Public support is swayed by emotions, making it harder to hold governments accountable. #use such keywords in essay and Gs

India’s Progress in Advancing Gender Equality India’s Progress in Women’s Health, Education, and Empowerment Since the Beijing Declaration 1. Advancements in Women’s Health and Education Maternal and Child Health • Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) reduced from 130 to 97 per 1,00,000 live births (2014–2020), aided by schemes like: • Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) • Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY) • Institutional deliveries increased to 95%, ensuring safer childbirth. • 56.5% of married women use modern contraceptives, promoting reproductive health. • Ayushman Bharat has provided free healthcare to millions of women. Education and Gender Equality in Learning • Beti Bachao Beti Padhao improved the child sex ratio and increased girls’ school enrollments. • National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 boosted STEM education for girls, fostering career opportunities in science and technology. • Improved sanitation facilities have reduced menstruation-related school absenteeism among girls. 2. Women’s Economic Empowerment Financial Inclusion and Digital Access • Nearly 100 million women connected to financial systems through Self-Help Groups (SHGs) under: • National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) • National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM) • Unified Payments Interface (UPI) has simplified digital transactions, enhancing women’s financial independence. • Over 35 million rural women trained in digital literacy under Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDISHA). Budgetary and Entrepreneurial Support • Gender Budgeting allocation increased from 6.8% in 2024-25 to 8.8% in 2025-26, amounting to $55.2 billion for gender-specific programs. • Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana–National Rural Livelihood Mission has strengthened women’s financial literacy and access to credit, supporting entrepreneurship. 3. Challenges in Addressing Gender-Based Violence Persistent Issues • Gender-based violence remains a significant issue, despite national and global efforts. • Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 strengthens legal protections, but effective implementation remains a challenge. • 770 One Stop Centres provide essential support, but their reach is limited compared to the scale of the problem. • Blockchain-based systems in Odisha ensure swift and confidential support, but such coordinated efforts are not widespread nationwide. • Efforts to improve gender-responsive policing (e.g., Rajasthan Police Academy initiatives) face challenges in building consistent trust with survivors. 4. Women’s Leadership and Its Impact • The Women’s Reservation Bill ensures 33% legislative seats for women, empowering 1.5 million women political leaders—the world’s largest group of women leaders. • Gender Advancement for Transforming Institutions (GATI) supports women’s representation in STEM fields. • The G20 TechEquity platform has trained thousands of young women in emerging technologies, fostering leadership in innovation. • Women’s leadership is shaping India’s progress in gender equality, social development, and inclusive economic growth. 5. India’s Approach to Achieving Gender Equality • India follows a multi-pronged strategy that includes: • Government leadership in policy formulation and implementation. • International partnerships for gender-focused initiatives. • Comprehensive policies promoting women-led development. • Key focus areas: • Financial inclusion to empower women economically. • Social transformation through education, health, and leadership opportunities. • The Beijing Platform for Action continues to guide India’s efforts toward inclusive and sustainable growth, with a focus on addressing systemic barriers and empowering young women leaders.

Prahlada’s faith in God Prahlada was the son of king Hiranyakashipu and queen Kayadhu. Hiranyakashipu believed himself to be the God and there is no other god than him. But Prahlada was a devout follower of Lord Vishnu and continued to pray Him despite getting repeated warnings from his father. 🧤Hiranyakashipu did not like Vishnu because the latter had killed Hiranyaksha, the evil brother of Hiranyakashipu. He scorned upon Prahlada’s devotion and attempted to kill his son several times, but every time the boy was saved by Lord Vishnu. 🧤One day, Hiranyakashipu challenged Prahlada to show Lord Vishnu, if he really existed. When his son replied that God was everywhere and in everything, Hiranyakashipu showed a pillar and asked Prahlada if Lord Vishnu was there in it. When Prahlada said ‘yes,’ his father got angered and raised his sword to kill him. 🧤Lord Vishnu appeared from the pillar in the form of Narasimha, a half man-half lion, and killed Hiranyakashipu. Moral: Be faithful to what you believe and don’t get discouraged by naysayers

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Our moral, religious and political traditions are united in their respect for the dignity of human life. Quotation based 🧤• “Yet what greater defeat could we suffer than to come to resemble the forces we oppose in their disrespect for human dignity?” - Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Former justice of supreme court of USA 🧤• “A human being should never become a means to an end.” - Viktor E. Frankl, in Yes to Life: In Spite of Everything 🧤• “Overcoming poverty is not a gesture of charity. It is an act of justice. It is the protection of a fundamental human right, the right to dignity and a decent life.” - Nelson Mandela 🧤• “Human rights rest on human dignity. The dignity of man is an ideal worth fighting for and worth dying for.” - Robert C. Maynard 🧤• “Today, no walls can separate humanitarian or human rights crises in one part of the world from national security crises in another. What begins with the failure to uphold the dignityof one life all too often ends with a calamity for entire nations.” - Kofi Annan 🧤• “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.”- Eleanor Roosevelt #2 Through anecdote 🧤# UN human rights experts have denounced the decision by the US Supreme Court to strike down Roe v. Wade, a legal precedent that has protected women’s right to choose to have an abortion. They described the decision as a shocking and dangerous rollback of human rights and dignity that will jeopardize women’s health and lives in the long run. On the other hand, the Supreme Court of India has reaffirmed the ‘centrality of human dignity to the Indian constitution’ with decisions on Aadhaar, IPC 377 and the Right to Privacy. The concept was invoked 120 times in the privacy decision, and 128 times in Navtej Johar. The SC’s application of dignity perhaps reflects the commitment to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. 🧤# The Indian mythology has numerous instances of struggle to preserve human dignity. Notable among many is the character of Draupadi in the epic Mahabharata. Draupadi was the wife of the five Pandava princes in epic Mahabharata. Many see Draupadi as an ‘early feminist’ because of her fearlessness in admonishing those who harmed her or her family. Draupadi existed in a time when a woman’s role was to serve her husband. The incident of ‘cheer- haran’ i.e. disrobing of Draupadi had been the turning point and the main reason of the epic war for Dharma. The essence of preserving Dharma is based on respect for human dignity. Our moral and religious traditions in the form of mythological works are based on the value and preservation of human dignity.

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Cultural / Ego Superiority in the KIIT University Incident Cultural and ego superiority often lead to discrimination, unfair treatment, and conflicts, especially in diverse environments like universities. The recent case at KIIT University highlights how such attitudes can escalate a tragic situation. 1. The Incident • Prakriti Lamsal, a third-year B.Tech student from Nepal, was found dead in her hostel room on February 16, 2025. • Before her death, she had complained about being harassed and blackmailed by Advik Srivastava, a fellow student. • Despite her complaints, no serious action was taken by the university administration. 2. Ego Superiority and Lack of Accountability • The alleged harasser, Advik Srivastava, may have felt a sense of power and impunity, leading him to ignore the consequences of his actions. • The university’s lack of response shows a common problem—those in positions of authority sometimes dismiss complaints due to institutional ego, assuming that their reputation matters more than student safety. 3. Cultural Superiority and Discrimination • After the incident, over 500 Nepali students were asked to leave the campus, reflecting a bias against foreign students. • Reports suggested that some students were forcibly evicted and mistreated by security personnel. • This action can be seen as cultural superiority, where certain groups believe they have more rights or privileges than others. 4. Public Outrage and Government Intervention • The unfair treatment of Nepali students led to protests and diplomatic intervention from Nepal’s Prime Minister. • In response to public pressure, KIIT withdrew the eviction order, apologized, and announced a scholarship in Prakriti’s memory. Key Takeaways • Ego superiority (power dynamics within institutions) led to the negligence of harassment complaints. • Cultural superiority (favoring one group over another) was evident in the university’s response to Nepali students. • Accountability and fair treatment should be prioritized in educational institutions to prevent such tragedies. This case serves as a reminder that no institution or individual should place their ego or cultural biases above justice and human dignity.

Goodness vs. Badness Goodness refers to actions that are morally right, beneficial, and contribute positively to the well-being of others and society. It involves virtues such as: • Kindness • Honesty • Generosity • Compassion • Integrity Badness, on the other hand, refers to actions that are morally wrong, harmful, and detrimental to the well-being of others and society. It involves vices such as: • Cruelty • Dishonesty • Selfishness • Hatred • Corruption Examples Illustrating the Triumph of Goodness over Badness 1. Gandhi’s Principle of Non-Violence • Mahatma Gandhi’s adherence to non-violence (Ahimsa) was a response to the badness of colonial oppression. • Through his philosophy and actions, he led significant social and political change in India, proving how goodness can overcome systemic injustice. 2. The Buddha and Devadatta • Devadatta, the Buddha’s cousin, was consumed by jealousy and sought to take over the leadership of the Buddhist Sangha. • He even attempted to assassinate the Buddha by sending a wild elephant to attack him. • Instead of responding with anger or retaliation, the Buddha met the elephant with calm and compassion, ultimately taming it with his presence. • Devadatta’s malicious attempts failed, emphasizing the triumph of goodness (compassion and wisdom) over badness (jealousy and violence).

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Politics without ethics is disasters “The Downfall of Prajwal Revanna” Prajwal Revanna, a young and dynamic politician from Karnataka, was seen as a rising star in Indian politics. Hailing from a prominent political family, he was elected to the Lok Sabha and quickly gained popularity for his eloquence and vision. However, during the 2024 general elections, allegations of sexual misconduct surfaced against him. Reports claimed that explicit videos, allegedly involving Prajwal, were being circulated to dissuade voters. As the scandal unfolded, a Special Investigation Team (SIT) was formed to probe the allegations. Prajwal fled the country using his diplomatic passport without proper clearance, leading to further public outrage. Upon his return, he was arrested and suspended from his party. The incident not only tarnished his reputation but also served as a stark reminder that politics devoid of ethics can lead to personal and professional disaster.

कुंभ मेला की पौराणिक कथा कुंभ मेले की पौराणिक कथा समुद्र मंथन की कथा से जुड़ी है, जिसका उल्लेख भागवत पुराण, विष्णु पुराण और महाभारत में मिलता है। कुंभ मेले की कथा प्राचीन समय में देवता (सुर) और राक्षस (असुर) अमरत्व प्राप्त करने के लिए संघर्ष कर रहे थे। अमरत्व पाने के लिए उन्होंने मिलकर समुद्र मंथन करने का निर्णय लिया, जिससे अमृत (अमरता का रस) प्राप्त हो सके। • मंदराचल पर्वत को मथानी बनाया गया। • वासुकी नाग को रस्सी के रूप में इस्तेमाल किया गया। • भगवान विष्णु ने कच्छप (कछुए) अवतार लेकर पर्वत को संतुलित किया। कड़ी मेहनत के बाद अमृत से भरा कलश (कुंभ) निकला, लेकिन देवता और असुरों के बीच इसे पाने के लिए भीषण युद्ध छिड़ गया। अमृत की रक्षा के लिए गरुड़ (भगवान विष्णु के वाहन) उसे लेकर उड़ गए। उड़ान के दौरान चार स्थानों पर अमृत की कुछ बूंदें गिरीं: 1. प्रयागराज (इलाहाबाद) – गंगा, यमुना और सरस्वती के संगम पर। 2. हरिद्वार – गंगा नदी के किनारे। 3. उज्जैन – क्षिप्रा नदी के किनारे। 4. नाशिक – गोदावरी नदी के किनारे। यही चार स्थान पवित्र तीर्थ स्थल बन गए और यहां हर 12 वर्षों में कुंभ मेला आयोजित किया जाने लगा। महत्व ऐसा माना जाता है कि कुंभ मेले के दौरान इन नदियों का जल अमृतमय हो जाता है और यहां स्नान करने से पापों का नाश होता है और मोक्ष की प्राप्ति होती है। यही कारण है कि लाखों श्रद्धालु, संत और साधु इस महायोग में भाग लेते हैं।

Kumbhamela The mythological story of Kumbh Mela is rooted in the Hindu legend of the Samudra Manthan (Churning of the Ocean), which appears in the Bhagavata Purana, Vishnu Purana, and Mahabharata. The Legend of Kumbh Mela Long ago, the Devas (gods) and Asuras (demons) were in conflict over supremacy. To attain immortality, they decided to churn the ocean (Samudra Manthan) together to extract Amrit (the nectar of immortality). • Mount Mandara was used as the churning rod. • Vasuki, the great serpent, was used as the rope. • Lord Vishnu, in his Kurma (turtle) avatar, supported the mountain. After great effort, the pot (Kumbh) of Amrit emerged. However, a fierce battle broke out between the Devas and Asuras over who would drink the nectar. To protect the Amrit, Garuda (the celestial eagle) flew away with the pot. During his flight, four drops of Amrit spilled on four locations: 1. Prayagraj (Allahabad) – At the confluence of Ganga, Yamuna, and Saraswati rivers. 2. Haridwar – On the banks of the Ganga. 3. Ujjain – On the banks of the Shipra river. 4. Nashik – On the banks of the Godavari river. These four places became sacred, and the Kumbh Mela is celebrated at these locations every 12 years, symbolizing the celestial event. Significance It is believed that during Kumbh Mela, the rivers at these sites turn into Amrit, and taking a holy dip washes away sins, leading to moksha (liberation). Millions of devotees, saints, and sadhus gather to participate in this grand event.

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