Surgical notes

في هذا الملف ملاحظات اثناء الشرح....في ملزمة الGITللدكتور عبدالله الذبحاني... الملف يشمل الصفحات التي بها ملاحظات فقط..حوالي ٣٠ صفحة

#Endocrine 🔖Diagnosis of D.M: -Firstly must be symptomatic -Meaure of glucose level through many test: 📝FBSmore than 7mmol ,more than 126mg/dl 📝OGTT more than 11.1mmol,more than 200mg/dl ................ 🔖Second way for diagnosis of D.M: -Firstly, It is asymptomatic Measure twice the following test: 📝FBS more than 126mg/dl 📝RBS more than 200 mg/dl #فارما

#GIT #oral_cavity 📝The different between parakeratosis &hyperkeratosis: 🔖 Parakeratosis is increase keratin with nucleus of cells 🔖Hyperkeratosis is increase keratin (hyperkeratin)without nucleus of cells. 🔖Acanthosis is diffuse epidermal hyperplasia (thickening of the skin). It implies increased thickness of the Malpighian layer (stratum basale and stratum spinosum) #باثو

#GIT #oral_cavity 📛 Leukoplakia:whitish-thicking-mucosal patches ,caused by hperkeratosis & parakeratosis ,and can,t be scarped off. 📛 Association with chronic irritation . 📛 Asually represented: 1-displasia 2-carcinoma in situ #باثو

🦠Important Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: يمكن جمعها بكلمه BE PSEUDO 1-Burns 2- Endocarditis 3-Pneumonia 4-Sepsis 5-External malignant otitis media 6-UTI 7-Diabetic Osteomyelitis #بكتيريا #مايكرو

#Endocrine #calcium_effecting_hormones ♦️idiopathic hypercalciuria..hypocalcemia is treatment by Thiazide diuretics ♦️familial hyperclacemia hpocalciuria (FHH) No has treatment #فارما

#Endocrine ♦️GH: Has short time side effect is D.M Long time side effect is acromegaly #فارما

#Endocrine #calcium_effecting_hormones 💊Sn...(strotium ranolat) Uses in osteoprosis S.E:bone pain #فارما

#Endocrine 💊Bromocriptin : Is dopamine agonist Uses: acromegaly Stoping the Lactation 👼 S.E: nausea🤢 Vomiting🤮 #فارما

#Endocrine #calcium_effecting_hormones ♦️Clinical uses of calcitonine: 1-Hypercalceuria 2-osteoprosis 3-pagets disease #فارما

#Endocrine #calcium_effecting_hormones ♦️clinical features of hypercalcemia: Bones,stones ..abdominal groans ,moans . Treatment: 💊N . S 💊bisphonate as pamidronate 💊calcitonine 💊furosemide #فارما

#Endocrine #pituitary 💊ADH: Vasopressin 1-Desmopressin: act in V2 R *uses: 1- primary D inspidues 2- hemophilia A 3-von Willebrand disease S.E:hypontremia+water toxicity 2-Terlypressin: Act in V1 R *uses: 1-esophegeal bleeding 2- management of low blood pressure when norepinephrine does not help S.E:hypertension #فارما