UPSC IAS Notes [PDF]

Article 20(3) protects an individual from being forced to self-incriminate during custodial interrogation.

Right to Life under Article 23 is compromised in unsafe working conditions in fireworks units.

PESO is responsible for issuing licenses and ensuring safety compliance in the explosives sector.

Article 21 of the Constitution has been interpreted to include the Right to Health and Palliative Care.

Palliative care is legally recognized under the National Health Policy 2017.

Palliative care only applies in terminal stages of illness.

National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) operates under the Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change.

The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, is India’s umbrella law for environmental protection.

Karnataka has the highest tiger population in India as per 2022 data.

India has a formal, democratically passed national AI strategy.

India is a founding member of the Global Partnership on AI (GPAI).

There is no legal framework for the use of public data by AI systems in India.

The total gig workforce in India is expected to decline by 2030.

The 2025 Union Budget officially recognized gig and platform workers in India’s labour force.

Gig workers operate within a formal employer–employee relationship.

The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) explicitly classifies gig and platform workers.

The e-Shram portal provides insurance coverage to unorganised workers.

Human-rated LVM2 is the designated launch vehicle for the Gaganyaan mission.

Gaganyaan's Orbital Module consists of a Crew Module and a Service Module.

Cultural items like Indian handicrafts and halwa were taken aboard Ax-04 to promote India's cultural diplomacy.