MPPSC 2026 PRE + MAINS NOTES #MPPSC MAINS 2025 MP PSC TEST SERIES CURRENT AFFAIRS MP CURRENT AFFAIRS

#SnT Serum Institute of India - Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd. - World's largest vaccine manufacturer by number of doses produced and sold globally. Based in Pune, Maharashtra. Founded by Dr. Cyrus Poonawalla in 1966 Aim: to manufacture life-saving immuno-biologicals, which were in shortage in the country and imported at high prices. Function: 1. It manufactures highly specialized life saving biologicals like vaccines 2. Uses cutting edge genetic and cell based technologies, antisera, etc. 3. Vaccines manufactured by the Institute are accredited by the World Health Organization. 4. It sells BCG, polio vaccines, r-Hepatitis B, DTP etc. अपनी उपयोगिता के आधार पर हमारा ग्रुप जॉइन करें JOIN NOW 👇👇 @MP_PSC_NOTES @MP_PSC_QUIZ @MPPSCTESTSERIES0 @MPPSCANSWERWRITING0 For All MP govt EXAM PREPRATION @MPEXAMGURUJI 🎯🎯🎯👆👆🎯🎯

जरूरी सूचना आज रात्रि 9:00 बजे ### आईएएस coaching कि PAID PDF NOTES पीडीएफ नोट्स शेयर किए जाएंगे तो सभी समय पर उन्हें डाउनलोड कर ले क्योंकि 15 मिनट में वह पीडीएफ डिलीट कर दी जावेगी इसी तरह दोस्तों हमारे साथ जुड़े रहे और हमारे अन्य चैनल को जॉइन जरूर करें अपने सभी दोस्तों के साथ शेयर जरूर करें जिससे ज्यादा से ज्यादा अभ्यर्थियों को मुफ्त में MPPSC की समस्त अध्ययन सामग्री मिल सके धन्यवाद अपनी उपयोगिता के आधार पर हमारा ग्रुप जॉइन करें JOIN NOW 👇👇 @MP_PSC_NOTES @MP_PSC_QUIZ @MPPSCTESTSERIES0 @MPPSCANSWERWRITING0 For All MP govt EXAM PREPRATION @MPEXAMGURUJI 🎯🎯🎯👆👆🎯🎯

जरूरी सूचना आज रात्रि 9:00 बजे ### आईएएस coaching कि PAID PDF NOTES पीडीएफ नोट्स शेयर किए जाएंगे तो सभी समय पर उन्हें डाउनलोड कर ले क्योंकि 15 मिनट में वह पीडीएफ डिलीट कर दी जावेगी इसी तरह दोस्तों हमारे साथ जुड़े रहे और हमारे अन्य चैनल को जॉइन जरूर करें अपने सभी दोस्तों के साथ शेयर जरूर करें जिससे ज्यादा से ज्यादा अभ्यर्थियों को मुफ्त में MPPSC की समस्त अध्ययन सामग्री मिल सके धन्यवाद अपनी उपयोगिता के आधार पर हमारा ग्रुप जॉइन करें JOIN NOW 👇👇 @MP_PSC_NOTES @MP_PSC_QUIZ @MPPSCTESTSERIES0 @MPPSCANSWERWRITING0 For All MP govt EXAM PREPRATION @MPEXAMGURUJI 🎯🎯🎯👆👆🎯🎯

​​राष्ट्रीय पंचायतीराज दिवस : 24 अप्रैल 2021 उद्देश्य : राष्ट्रपिता महात्मा गांधी के अनुसार "देश के गाँव भारत की रीढ़ की हड्डी है।" जिसे मजबूत और सशक्त बनाने के लिए उन्होंने ग्राम स्वराज का कॉन्सेप्ट दिया था। इसके तहत पंचायतों के पास सभी अधिकार होने चाहिए। गांधीजी के इसी सपने को पूरा करने के लिए 24 अप्रैल 1992 में संविधान में 73वां संशोधन किया गया और पंचायती राजव्यवस्था का कॉन्सेप्ट पेश किया गया। इस कानून की मदद से स्थानीय निकायों को आर्थिक विकास और सामाजिक न्याय सरीखी ज्यादा से ज्यादा शक्तियाँ व जिम्मेदारियाँ प्रदान की गई। इसी दिन की स्मृति में वर्ष 2010 से प्रत्येक 24 अप्रैल को देश में पंचायतीराज दिवस (NPRD) मनाया जाता है। पंचायती राजव्यवस्था : इसमें गांव के स्तर पर ग्राम सभा, ब्लॉक स्तर पर मंडल परिषद और जिला स्तर पर जिला परिषद होता है। इन संस्थानों के लिए सदस्यों का चुनाव होता है जो जमीनी स्तर पर शासन की बागडोर संभालते हैं। इतिहास एवं प्रमुख तारीखें : वर्ष 1957 में बलवंत राय मेहता की अध्यक्षता में गठित एक समिति ने ग्राम स्तरीय पंचायत, प्रखंड (ब्लॉक) स्तरीय पंचायत तथा जिला स्तरीय पंचायत राजव्यवस्था के रूप में 3 स्तरीय राज व्यवस्था का प्रस्ताव सामने रखा था। राजस्थान देश का पहला राज्य था, जहाँ पर 2 अक्टूबर 1959 को तात्कालिक प्रधानमंत्री प. जवाहरलाल नेहरू द्वारा नागौर जिले में पंचायती राजव्यवस्था को लागू किया गया था। उसके बाद उसी वर्ष यह व्यवस्था आंध्र प्रदेश में भी लागू की गई। मई 2004 ‐ बतौर मंत्रालय पृथक तौर पर पंचायतीराज मंत्रालय बनाया गया। वर्ष 2011-12 से ग्रामीण भारत के फ्लैगशिप योजनाओं के प्रभावी और कुशल कार्यान्वयन में पंचायतों की महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका को प्रोत्साहित करने हेतु पंचायतीराज मंत्रालय, भारत सरकार, राज्य सरकारों / केन्द्र शासित प्रदेशों द्वारा अनुशंसित सर्वश्रेष्ठ पंचायतों को इस दिन पुरस्कार दिए जाते हैं। वर्ष 2021 के राष्ट्रीय पंचायत पुरस्कार : पुरस्कारों की श्रेणियों में, दीन दयाल उपाध्याय पंचायत सशक्तिकरण पुरस्कार, नानाजी देशमुख राष्ट्रीय गौरव ग्राम सभा पुरस्कार, ग्राम पंचायत विकास योजना पुरस्कार एवं हितैषी ग्राम पंचायत पुरस्कार विभिन्न कार्य तथा क्षेत्रीय नियमों के मुताबिक शामिल हैं.

→ Confidentiality/Breach of protocol: Virtual meeting of PM and CM on coronavirus second wave. CM Kejriwal was live-streaming some of the parts when he was speaking about shortage of oxygen cylinders etc- PM expresses displeasure, "This meeting is meant to be internal, it should not be live streamed to the public." CM Office expresses regret. Points to consider: If ministers or bureaucrats start live streaming confidential/Internal meetings In order to play to the gallery/ sensationalize/ show off to voters ... It sets a bad precedent because then other Meeting participants may also do it to 'show off' to their followers and then confidential / sensitive information could get leaked to the public causing more disruptions in economy / strategic relations with other countries etc. → Sexualization of Sports: In artistic gymnastics usually women athletes are required to wear swimsuits/leotard/short dresses in the name of "aesthetic / beauty". But it passively perpetuates the objectification of women and sexualization of their bodies. So, a GERMAN GYMNAST Sarah Voss begins wearing a full body suit. 2) 2019: Serena Williams broke the tennis skirt-dress stereotype by wearing a full body catsuit at the French Open.

Mrunal's Official Channel: General Studies, Current Affairs, Economy for UPSC: Mrunal's Daily Current Affairs:UPSC-April-24-2021 ⏩ Economy💳 → Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY-2020) was launched to provide free grains to beneficiaries of National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013. 2020's Scheme gave 5 kg Food grains (Rice/Wheat) + 1 kilogram pulses each month free. 2021's version: Scheme is extended but only 5kg grain, no pulses. → ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋RBI said the existing interim WMA (Ways and Means Advances) limit of Rs 51,560 crore for all states and UTs will continue till September 30. Theory explained in Win21 Series Pillar1C (Ref: Mrunal.org/Download) → ⚾️📻⚾️🎓✋RBI prohibits Card Companies 1) American Express Banking Corp (Amex) and 2) Diners Club International from on-boarding new Indian customers on to their card networks from May 1, Because they are not compliant with RBI directions on storing payment system data in Indian servers. ⏩ Environment🌿 → French Energy Company EDF Send proposal to the government of India to build 9,900 mega watt (MW) nuclear power plant at Jaitapur in Ratnagiri, the coastal districts of Maharashtra. This will be the world's largest nuclear power project. Although o protest by environment /nuke-safety groups ⏩ Science🧪 → Vaccine Euphoria: NITI Aayog Use this term in context of people who have got the vaccine and they are no longer adopting the covid safety behaviour / masks / social distance. और फिर खुद को भी और दूसरों को जोखिम में डालते हैं → breakthrough infections= Number of coronavirus vaccinated persons who get infected with Corona even after Vaccination. Because 1) most of the vaccines are 60 to 95% effective. 2) it typically takes about two weeks for the body to build immunity after being vaccinated. In the meantime if some person is exposed to coronavirus... → A pulse oximeter is a tiny device that usually slides over your fingertip or clips on your earlobe and uses infrared light refraction to measure how well oxygen is binding to your red blood cells. Oximeters report blood oxygen levels via an oxygen saturation measurement called peripheral capillary oxygen saturation, or SpO2. It is also used for checking the health of Corona patients. Controversy? Hackers are creating fake mobile apps labelled "Oximeter"- Asking innocent people to simply put their thumbnail on the screen and it will test the oxygen level but in reality, it is copying your fingerprint and other sensitive user data from your mobile phone for cyber frauds. यानी कि हर मुफ्त में मिलती ऐप डाउनलोड करना जरूरी नहीं है → Type I interferons are Polypeptides that help the body fight against viral infections. "Virafin"- Antiviral for treatment of hepatitis, drug contains Interferon. Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) allows Zydus Cadila To use it for treatment of Corona. ⏩ IR/Defense🔫 → C-17 and IL-76: transport/cargo aircrafts of Indian Air Force which are now being used for carrying trucks with oxygen containers and other essential equipment for fighting Corona. → Denmark has become the first European country to start revoking the residency permits of some Syrian refugees, arguing that Syrian capital,Damascus, and neighbouring regions are safe so We can not grant you asylum anymore, You should leave Denmark. Earlier Denmark accepted the refugees but increasing pressure on its resources, slowdown in Corona → adopting stricter positions on immigrants/refugees. Lessons for India? European powers should not preach India what it should do with Rohingya Refugees / Myanmar refugees खासकर उन दिनों के जब India ke खुद के ऑक्सीजन और दवाइयों के वान्धे चल रहे हैं, और फरिश्ता-ए-श्रीलंका गोटाबाया राजपक्षे भी हमारी मदद करने के लिए असमर्थ हैं. ⏩ Ethics GSM4☯️ → Quote: There is a higher court than courts of justice and that is the court of conscience. — Mahatma Gandhi

🔰 List of Major Labour Laws in India 🔰 ============================== 🔹 The Trade Unions Act, 1926 ➨ Trade unions are a very strong medium to safe the rights of the employees. These unions have the power to compel higher management to accept their reasonable demands. ➨ Article 19(1)(c) of the Indian Constitution gives everyone the right "to form associations or unions". The Trade Unions Act 1926, amended in 2001 and contains rules on governance and general rights of trade unions. 🔹 The Payment of Wages Act 1936 ➨ This act ensures that workers must get wages/salaries on time and without any unauthorised deductions. ➨ Section 6 of the Wages Act 1936 says that workers must be paid in money rather than in kind. 🔹 Industrial Disputes Act 1947 ➨ This act has the provisions regarding the fair dismissal of permanent employees. ➨ As per this law, a worker who has been employed for more than a year can only be dismissed if permission is sought from and granted by the appropriate government office/concerned authority. ➨ A worker must be given valid reasons before dismissal. An employee of permanent job nature can only be terminated for proven misconduct or for habitual absence from the office. 🔹 Minimum Wages Act, 1948 ➨ This act ensures minimum wage/salary to workers of different economic sectors. State and Central governments have the power to decide wages according to the kind of work and location. 🔹 Maternity Benefits Act, 1961 ➨ This Act entitles maternity leave for pregnant women employees i.e. full payment despite absence from work. ➨ As per this act, female workers are entitled to a maximum of 12 weeks (84 days) of maternity leave. ➨ All the organised and un-organised offices that have more than 10 employees shall implement this act. ➨ This act has been amended in 2017. 🔹 Sexual Harassment of Women employees at Workplace Act, 2013 ➨ This act prohibits any kind of sexual Harassment of the women workers at the workplace. ➨ This Act came into force from 9 December 2013. ➨ This act must be implemented by all public or private and organised or unorganised sectors that have more than 10 employees. ➨ This act covers all women, irrespective of her age or employment status. Most Indian employers did not implement this law.

🔆Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772-1833): ✅Father of Indian Renaissance. ✅Maker of Modern India. ✅Believed in scientific temper, human dignity, monotheism, and Upanishads. ✅Opposed idolatry and meaningless rituals. ✅Books: Gift to Monotheism (1809) + Percepts of Jesus (1820). ✅ Translated Vedas and Upanishads into Bengali. ✅Atmiya Sabha (Society of Friends) in Calcutta in 1814. ✅ Started Brahmo Samaj (1828) [ formerly called as Brahmo Sabha] ✅ Established Vedanta College (1825). ✅Supported the revolutions of Naples and Spanish America. ✅Supported David Hare in establishing Hindu College (1817). ✅Crusader against Sati. ✅Efforts resulted in Government Regulation against Sati in 1829. #revision_notes #history #Modern_History #REFORM_MOVEMENTS #prelims #mains Join