BPSCNotes™

#BiharCurrentAffairs Groundwater in 30,000 wards polluted in Bihar: PHED report A latest report of the public health and engineering department (PHED) has found groundwater polluted in 30,207 village wards across the state. However, the government has installed water purification equipment in those areas and is now supplying purified water to the villagers to save them from health complications. According to the report, there are 21,709 wards across the state where the iron content in groundwater is more than the permissible limits. Similarly, arsenic and fluoride contents in groundwater are more than the permissible limits in 4,709 and 3,789 wards, respectively. The government, the government has now begun supplying purified water in 21,282 wards (98.28 per cent) out of total 21,709 wards where the groundwater has heavy iron content. Similarly, pure piped water is being supplied in 98.68 percent areas (4,647 wards) having arsenic contents and 99.76 percent of the region (3,780 wards) affected with heavy fluoride contents in the groundwater.

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#BiharCurrentAffairs Project to store rainwater to fight drought in south Bihar With drought now becoming an annual feature in south Bihar, the environment, forest and climate change department has launched an ambitious project nicknamed "garland trenching" to store rainwater which could be used for irrigation in times of crisis. A garland trench is a shallow ditch for draining surface or subsoil water before it reaches a trough. The government believes the idea if implemented will not only recharge groundwater but could also be used for irrigation purposes in times of crisis.

#BiharCurrentAffairs इको सर्वे: 2021-22 में बिहार ने की वापसी, 10.98% की दर से बढ़ा 2021-22 में सकल राज्य घरेलू उत्पाद (जीएसडीपी) 10.98% की दर से बढ़ने के साथ, बिहार की अर्थव्यवस्था ने कोविद के बाद के विकास के मामले में, राजस्थान और आंध्र प्रदेश से मामूली रूप से तीसरे स्थान पर तीसरे स्थान पर रहने के लिए मजबूत रिकवरी दिखाई है। बिहार आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण रिपोर्ट 2022-23 कहती है, जबकि राष्ट्रीय स्तर पर यह 8.68% थी। सोमवार (27 फरवरी, 2023) को राज्य के वित्त मंत्री विजय कुमार चौधरी द्वारा विधान सभा में रिपोर्ट पेश की गई। यह बिहार आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण की 17वीं रिपोर्ट थी, जिसकी शुरुआत नीतीश कुमार सरकार ने 2006-07 में की थी। राज्य में प्रति व्यक्ति आय 2021-23 के दौरान ₹6,400 से बढ़कर मौजूदा कीमतों पर ₹54,383 हो गई। स्थिर कीमतों (2011-12) पर यह 34,465 रुपये थी। पटना की प्रति व्यक्ति आय सबसे अधिक 115,239 रुपये है, जबकि शिवहर, सीतामढ़ी और अररिया 21,000 रुपये से कम के साथ सबसे नीचे हैं। स्थिर मूल्य (2011-12) पर बिहार का जीएसडीपी 2021-22 के लिए 428,065 करोड़ रुपये होने का अनुमान है, जो 2020-21 में 385,728 करोड़ रुपये से अधिक है। बिहार की विकास गाथा एक से बढ़कर एक नजर आ रही है। आज बिहार देश में सड़क घनत्व के मामले में तीसरे स्थान पर है। सामाजिक क्षेत्र में स्वास्थ्य और शिक्षा दो प्रमुख क्षेत्र हैं जो हर नागरिक के जीवन को छूते हैं। पिछले 16 वर्षों में इन दोनों क्षेत्रों में आठ और 11 गुना वृद्धि हुई है। हालाँकि, सर्वेक्षण 2020-21 में प्राथमिक क्षेत्र की हिस्सेदारी में 21.4% से 2021-22 में 21.2% तक की गिरावट की ओर इशारा करता है, जो कि पशुधन और मछली पकड़ने और जलीय कृषि से प्रेरित होने के बावजूद है, जिसमें 9.5% और 6.7% की वृद्धि दर दर्ज की गई है। क्रमश। इसी अवधि के दौरान द्वितीयक क्षेत्र भी 19.3% से घटकर 18.1% हो गया, जबकि तृतीयक क्षेत्र में दिलचस्प रूप से 59.3% से 60.7% की वृद्धि देखी गई। रिपोर्ट में कहा गया है कि कृषि और संबद्ध क्षेत्र पिछले पांच वर्षों (2017-18 से 2021-22) के दौरान लगभग 5% की गति से बढ़ा है और कुल मिलाकर 2020-21 में सकल राज्य मूल्य वर्धित (GSVA) ​​में 20% का योगदान है। सर्वेक्षण के अनुसार, राज्य सरकार का प्राथमिक घाटा 2020-21 में 17,344 करोड़ से घटकर 2021-22 में 11,729 करोड़ रुपये हो गया। इसी तरह, महामारी की चुनौतियों के बावजूद 2021-22 में राजकोषीय घाटा 29,828 करोड़ रुपये से घटकर 25,551 करोड़ रुपये हो गया। #BiharEconomicSurvey2022-23

#BiharCurrentAffairs Eco Survey: Bihar bounced back in 2021-22, grew at 10.98% Bihar’s economy has shown strong recovery to be ranked third, only marginally behind Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh, among states in terms of growth post-Covid, with gross state domestic product (GSDP) growing at a rate of 10.98% in 2021-22 (at constant prices), while it was 8.68% at the national level, says the Bihar Economic Survey report 2022-23. The report was tabled in the legislative assembly by state’s finance minister Vijay Kumar Choudhary on Monday (27 Feb, 2023). This was the 17th report of the Bihar Economic Survey, a practice started by the Nitish Kumar government in 2006-07. The per capita income in the state increased during 2021-23 by ₹6,400 to reach ₹54,383 at current prices. At constant prices (2011-12), it was ₹34,465. Patna has the highest per capita income of ₹115,239, while Sheohar, Sitamarhi and Araria remain at the bottom with less than ₹21,000. The GSDP of Bihar at constant price (2011-12) is estimated to be ₹428,065 crore for 2021-22, higher than ₹385,728 crore in 2020-21. The growth story of Bihar is visible in more ways than one. Today Bihar is ranked third in terms of road density in the country. In the social sector, health and education are two key fields touching the life of every citizen. In the last 16 years, there has been eight and 11 times increase in these two sectors. However, the survey points to a decline in the share of primary sector in GSDP from 21.4% in 2020-21 to 21.2% in 2021-22 despite being propelled by livestock and fishing & aquaculture, which registered growth rates of 9.5% and 6.7 % respectively. The secondary sector also declined from 19.3% to 18.1% during the same period, while tertiary sector interestingly witnessed an increase from 59.3% to 60.7%. The report says that the agriculture and allied sector grew at a pace of around 5% during the last five years (2017-18 to 2021-22) and overall accounted for 20% in Gross State Value Added (GSVA) in 2020-21. According to the survey, the primary deficit of the state government declined from 17,344 cr in 2020-21 to ₹11,729 crore in 2021-22. Similarly, the fiscal deficit declined from ₹29,828 crore to ₹25,551 crore in 2021-22 despite the challenges of pandemic. #BiharEconomicSurvey

#BiharCurrentAffairs Bihar to increase greater one-horned rhinos population by 3% annually The Bihar government has decided to increase the population of greater one-horned rhinos by 3% annually in the state. The state government has also decided to increase rhino-bearing areas in Valmiki Tiger Reserve (VTR) in West Champaran district by 5% in the next two years, an official said. Decision to increase the population of greater one-horned rhinos by 3% annually was taken at the 3rd Asian Rhino Range Countries Meeting held at Chitwan (Nepal) from February 3 to 5. Five rhino range countries countries -- India, Bhutan, Indonesia, Malaysia and Nepal -- signed the Chitwan Declaration for Asian Rhinos Conservation (2023) and agreed on managing the population of the greater one-horned rhinos, Javan and Sumatran rhinos with the intention of achieving at least 3% annual growth in their population. The VTR has been selected as one of potential sites under the National Rhino Conservation Strategy. Currently, an adult free-ranging male rhino has been in the VTR for the last two years. The VTR occupies a core area of 909.86 sq km of the Valmiki Sanctuary located in the West Champaran district of Bihar. The VTR was established as the 18th tiger reserve in 1990 and ranked fourth in the density of the tiger population. The rivers Gandak and Masan flow through this area.