1 108
订阅者
无数据24 小时
无数据7 天
无数据30 天
帖子存档
Economic Survey 2020-21: Agriculture
According to the Economic Survey, 2020-21The Agriculture and Allied activities clocked a growth of 3.4% at constant prices during 2020-21 (first advance estimate).
Key takeaways
As per the Provisional Estimates of National Income released by CSO on 29th May, 2020, the share of Agriculture and Allied Sectors in Gross Value Added (GVA) of the country at current prices is 17.8% for the year 2019-20.
In the Agriculture year 2019-20 (as per Fourth Advance Estimates), total food grain production in the country is estimated at record 296.65 million tonnes which is higher by 11.44 million tonnes than the production of food grain of 285.21 million tonnes achieved during 2018-19.
In 2019-20, the major agricultural and allied export destinations were USA, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Nepal and Bangladesh.
The top agriculture and related products exported from India were marine products, basmati rice, buffalo meat, spices, non-basmati rice, cotton raw, oil meals, sugar, castor oil and tea.
Livestock sector contributed 4.19% of total GVA in 2018-19.
During the last 5 years ending 2018-19, Food Processing Industries (FPI) sector has been growing at an Average Annual Growth Rate (AAGR) of around 9.99% as compared to around 3.12% in Agriculture and 8.25% in Manufacturing at 2011-12 prices.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
Economic Survey 2020-21: Bare Necessities
Part of: GS Prelims and GS- I – Society
In news
Economic Survey 2020-21 constructs a Bare Necessities Index (BNI) at the rural, urban and all India level.
Key takeaways
The BNI summarises 26 indicators on five dimensions viz., water, sanitation, housing, micro-environment, and other facilities.
The BNI has been created for all States for 2012 and 2018 using data from two NSO rounds viz., 69th and 76th on Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition in India.
In most of the States the access to the Bare Necessities for the household in 2018 is significantly better compared to 2012.
Access to drinking water to households in most of the States has improved in 2018 compared to 2012 in rural as well as urban areas.
Regional disparity in access to sanitation has declined as the States having low access to sanitation in 2012 have gained more.
Survey observes improvement in Housing Index and reduction in inter-States disparities with disproportionate benefits for the lowest income group in 2018 vis-à-vis 2012.
The economic Survey also notes improvement in micro environment for all States in 2018 except for Assam in rural and Odisha and Assam in urban areas as compared to 2012.
Survey also points to a positive correlation between access to bare necessities and better health and education outcome. It observes improvement in child survival, decline in still births, malnutrition, and infant mortality with improved access to sanitation and clean drinking water.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
Economic Survey 2020-21: Skill Development
Part of: GS Prelims and GS- III – Skill development
In news
The Economic Survey 2020-21 states that only 2.4% of the workforce of age 15-59 years has received formal vocational/technical training and another 8.9% of the workforce received training through informal sources.
Key takeaways
Out of the 8.9% workforce who received non-formal training, the largest chunk is contributed by on-the-job training (3.3 per cent), followed by self-learning (2.5 per cent) and hereditary sources (2.1 per cent) and other sources (1 per cent).
Among those who received formal training, the most opted training course is IT-ITeS among both males and females.
The Unified Skill Regulator- National Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET) was operationalized recently.
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana 3.0 was rolled out in 2020-21 with a tentative target to skill 8 lakh candidates including migrants.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
Economic Survey 2020-21: Education
Part of: GS Prelims and GS- II – Education
In news
The Economic Survey 2020-21 states that online schooling took off in a big way during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Key takeaways
The percentage of enrolled children from government and private schools owning a smartphone increased enormously from 36.5% in 2018 to 61.8% in 2020 in rural India.
PM eVIDYA is a comprehensive initiative to unify all efforts related to digital/online/on-air education to enable multi-mode and equitable access to education for students and teachers.
Around 92 courses have started and 1.5 crore students are enrolled under Swayam MOOCs which are online courses relating to NIOS.
PRAGYATA guidelines on digital education have been developed with a focus on online/blended/digital education for students who are presently at home due to closure of schools.
The MANODARPAN initiative for psychological support has been included in Atma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan.
India has attained a literacy level of almost 96% at the elementary school level.
As per National Sample Survey (NSS), the literacy rate of persons of age 7 years and above at the All India level stood at 77.7 per cent.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
Economic Survey 2020-21: Health
Part of: GS Prelims and GS- II – Health
In news
The Economic Survey 2020-21 has strongly recommended an increase in public spending on healthcare services from 1% to 2.5-3% of GDP, as envisaged in the National Health Policy 2017.
Key takeaways
It notes that this can significantly reduce the Out-of-Pocket-Expenditure (OOPE) from 65% to 35% of the overall healthcare spend.
The Survey has recommended that the National Health mission (NHM) should be continued in conjunction to with Ayushman Bharat Yojana
Drawing from the lessons learned during the ongoing global pandemic of COVID-19, the Economic Survey makes a strong case for complete adoption of telemedicine for meeting the last-mile challenges of healthcare delivery in the country.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
Agreement for the financial support to STARS Project signed between India and World Bank
Part of: GS Prelims and GS- II – Education; International relations
In news
Agreement for the financial support of the implementation of Strengthening Teaching-Learning and Results for States (STARS) project was signed between Department of Economic Affairs (DEA) and World Bank along with Ministry of Education.
Important value additions
The proposal of STARS project was approved in October 2020.
The Program envisions improving the overall monitoring and measurement activities in the Indian school education system through interventions in 6 States viz. Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala and Odisha.
STARS project would be implemented as a new Centrally Sponsored Scheme.
Implementing Ministry/agency: Department of School Education and Literacy (DoSEL), Ministry of Education
At the State level, the project will be implemented through the integrated State Implementation Society (SIS) for Samagra Shiksha.
Do you know?
The total project cost of STARS project is Rs 5718 crore with the financial support of World Bank amounting to US $ 500 million.
The proposed World Bank support under STARS is primarily in the form of a results-based financing instrument called Program for Results (PforR).
A State Incentive Grant (SIG) will be used to encourage States to meet desired project outcomes.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
India’s First ‘Gender Park’ in Kerala’s Kozhikode
The Kerala government is all set to launch Rs 300 crore three-tower ‘Gender Park’ in Kozhikode. The park will become functional on the occasion of the second edition of the International Conference on Gender Equality (ICGE-II). The park will be inaugurated by the Chief Minister of Kerala, Pinarayi Vijayan, in between February 11-13 that will also mark the inauguration of the second edition of ICGE-II.
The gender park was established with the aim of creating relevant interventions so as to address a range of gender-based issues. It includes both off-campus and on-campus activities and other projects that work to empower the individuals and communities.
About the gender park:
The gender park was established by the government of Kerala in 2013. It is an initiative that works towards gender equality and empowerment in Kerala. The headquartered for the initiative is in the capital of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram.
However, the main campus is at Silver Hills, Kozhikode. The campus has an area of 24-acre. The park has been set with its main focus on gender justice.
The platform will provide an environment for policy analysis, research, capacity development, advocacy, economic and social initiative. The park will be operational under the Department of Social Justice. This space is first of its kind across the world.
Important takeaways for all competitive exams:
Kerala CM: Pinarayi Vijayan.
Kerala Governor: Arif Mohammad Khan.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
India ranks 10th in ‘Asia-Pacific Personalised Health Index’
India ranked 10th out of 11 Asia Pacific countries in a newly-launched health index to measure the progress towards personalised healthcare. Singapore(1st), Taiwan (2nd), Japan (3rd) and Australia (4th) also performed well in overall readiness. These include Policy Context, Health Information, Personalised Technologies and Health Services.
About the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) report:
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) report ”Asia-Pacific Personalised Health Index” measures the readiness of 11 health systems across the region–Australia, China, Japan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and New Zealand–in adopting personalised healthcare, enabling the right care to be tailored to the right person at the right time.
The ‘Personalised Health Index’ measures performance against 27 different indicators of personalised health across four categories called ”Vital Signs”.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
Airtel announces 5G ready network in Hyderabad
Bharti Airtel took an edge by becoming the first telecom operator in India to demonstrate 5G services successfully. Bharti Airtel announced that it orchestrated live fifth-generation (5G) service over a commercial network in Hyderabad.
Important Point:
Bharti Airtel explained that it used state of the art dynamic spectrum sharing so as to operate both 4G and 5G networks in the same spectrum block.
One of India’s major telecom companies managed to do this atop the existing spectrum in the 1800 MHz band through the Non-Stand Alone (NSA) network technology.
Airtel claimed that it took only a few seconds to download a full-length film during its demonstration of the 5G network.
The company said that the 5G network could deliver ten times the speed and latency attained previously with 100 times the concurrency when compared to the technology in use.
The government is conducting the auction of 2,251 MHz of spectrum through the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) at a reserve price of Rs 3.92 trillion from March 1, 2021.
The government has not included the spectrum in the 3,300-3,600 MHz bands recommended for 5G by the telecom operators.
Important takeaways for all competitive exams:
Bharti Airtel CEO: Gopal Vittal.
Bharti Airtel Founder: Sunil Bharti Mittal.
Bharti Airtel Founded: 7 July 1995.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
Centre Approves ‘Startup India Seed Fund Scheme’
The Central Government has approved the Rs 945-crore ‘Start-up India Seed Fund Scheme’ (SISFS), which aims to provide financial assistance to start-ups for the product trials, market-entry, proof of concept, prototype development and commercialization.
The Rs 945 crore Startup India Seed Fund Scheme (SISFS) will become operational from April 1 of this year till 2025 and this will be disbursed through selected incubators across India, according to a gazette notification by the government. The scheme will be implemented by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DIIT). The funds under the scheme will be disbursed through the selected incubators across the country. The startup will receive seed support only once.
Eligibility criteria for startups
The incubator should be operational for at least two years on the date of application to the scheme.
The incubator must have facilities to seat at least 25 individuals. The incubator must have at least five startups undergoing incubation physically on the date of application.
The incubator must have a full-time Chief Executive Officer, experienced in business development and entrepreneurship.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
5th Joint Meeting of the India-Japan Act East Forum
The 5th joint meeting of the India-Japan Act East Forum (AEF) was held in New Delhi. The meeting was co-chaired by Foreign Secretary Shri Harsh Vardhan Shringla, and Suzuki Satoshi, Ambassador of Japan to India.
During the 5th meeting, the AEF reviewed the progress of ongoing projects in the North Eastern Region of India in various areas including connectivity, hydropower, sustainable development, harnessing of water resources, and skill development. They also exchanged views on cooperation in new areas such as healthcare, agro-industries and SMEs, bamboo value chain development, smart city, tourism and people-to-people exchanges.
History of India-Japan Act East Forum:
The AEF was established in 2017 to provide a platform for India-Japan collaboration in the North Eastern Region under India’s “Act East Policy” and Japan’s vision for a “Free and Open Indo-Pacific”.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
An overview of Economic Survey 2020-21
The pandemic has been leaving its imprint various aspects of our lives and Economic Survey is no different. This year's Economic Survey focuses on the recovery path of the economy disrupted by the pandemic. The article takes an overview of the survey and also mentions the missing areas.
Focus on a recovery path
The Economic Survey analyses the broad trends at the macro level and the profiling of the initiatives across various economic activities.
This year, the Economic Survey focuses on the recovery path after initial derailment and the losses suffered by the Indian economy due to the pandemic.
The recovery is expected to follow a V-shaped path.
The Survey advocates countercyclical fiscal policies based on the premise that growth leads to debt sustainability.
The Survey brings together various relevant factors that have both a short and long-term impact on the economy and the budget.
This year's Survey focuses on enhanced public healthcare spending and demonstrates how effective it has been in slashing out-of-pocket expenditures in the recent past.
It also shows the brilliant performance under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) and the improved outcomes in states that have implemented the programme.
With focus on basic needs, the Survey has brought back national attention on the fundamental developmental paradigm.
The idea of analysing inequalities in times of recovery is a reassuring premise to move on with.
Comparison with past Economic Surveys
If we consider the last two Economic Surveys, the introduction of new concepts and approaches has been quite evident.
In the Survey for 2018-19, the idea of "nudge" helped provide recognition of the importance of social behaviour change for any policy to succeed.
This led to the adoption of transformative approach in the Swachh Bharat Mission and Beti Bachao Beti Padhao initiative that integrated behavioural insights.
Another powerful idea has been using technology to run and monitor welfare schemes.
The Economic Survey 2019-20 talked overwhelmingly about the importance of wealth creation, entrepreneurship, and financial markets in the economic development.
What the Survey misses
The Survey should have focussed on a new narrative for trade.
Apart from explaining the missing value chains and integration with South and Southeast Asia, the survey should have analysed the high cost of tariffs when 38 per cent of our exports are import-dependent.
Consider the question "In the wake of economic disruption caused by the pandemic, India needs a new narrative for trade. However, India faces the challenge of missing value chains and lack of integration with South and Southeast Asia. In light of this, suggest the policies India should adopt as new narrative for trade."
Conclusion
Besides trade, FDI inflows and the accumulation of foreign exchange reserves has been remarkable this year. It is expected that India will emerge as an important link in the global value chain sector which has been visibly disrupted by the pandemic
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
What is the ‘DOOMSDAY CLOCK’?
The hands of the 'Doomsday Clock', a visual depiction of how vulnerable the world is to a climate or nuclear catastrophe, remained at '100 seconds to midnight' for the second consecutive year the closest it has been to the symbolic annihilation of humanity.
Q.The 'Doomsday Clock' represents the hypothetical countdown to raise human consciousness against mutually assured destruction. In this light, discuss various existential threats to humanity and action taken so far.
What is the 'Doomsday Clock'?
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, founded by Albert Einstein and students from the University of Chicago in 1945, created the 'Doomsday Clock'.
It is held as a symbol to represent how close the world is to a possible apocalypse.
It is set annually by a panel of scientists, including 13 Nobel laureates, based on the threats old and new that the world faced in that year.
When it was first created in 1947, the hands of the clock were placed based on the threat posed by nuclear weapons, which the scientists then perceived to be the greatest threat to humanity.
Over the years, they have included other existential threats, such as climate change and disruptive technologies like artificial intelligence.
Significance of such clock
The reason the scientists selected a clock is twofold they wanted to use the imagery of an apocalypse (midnight) as well as the "contemporary idiom of a nuclear explosion" (zero countdowns) to illustrate the threats to humanity.
The clock was originally set to seven minutes to midnight and has since moved closer or further away from the dreaded 12 o'clock position.
The furthest it has been being 17 minutes after the end of the Cold War in 1991.
Why was the clock set at '100 seconds from midnight'?
It was set at the '100 seconds from midnight' position due to the prevailing climate conditions, "cyber-based disinformation", nuclear risk and the pandemic.
It is the closest to Doomsday we have ever been in the history of the Clock.
We now face a true emergency - an absolutely unacceptable state of world affairs that has eliminated any margin for error or further delay.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
[pib] Rajasthan becomes the 5th State to complete ULB reforms
Rajasthan has become the 5thState in the country to successfully undertake Urban Local Bodies (ULB) reforms stipulated by the Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance and has thus become eligible for additional reform linked borrowing.
Which are the four other States?
: They are Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur and Telangana, who have completed ULB reforms.
What are the ULB reforms?
The four citizen-centric areas identified for reforms are:
Implementation of One Nation One Ration Card System
Ease of doing business reform
Urban Local body/ utility reforms
Power Sector reforms.
The set of reforms stipulated by the Department of Expenditure are:
(a) The State will notify:
Floor rates of property tax in ULBs which are in consonance with the prevailing circle rates (i.e. guideline rates for property transactions) and;
Floor rates of user charges in respect of the provision of water supply, drainage and sewerage which reflect current costs/past inflation.
(b) The State will put in place a system of periodic increase in floor rates of property tax/ user charges in line with price increases.
Why need such reforms?
Reforms in ULBs and the urban utility reforms are aimed at financial strengthening of ULBs to enable them to provide better public health and sanitation services to citizens.
Economically rejuvenated ULBs will also be able to create good civic infrastructure.
Back2Basics: Municipal Governance in India
Municipal or local governance refers to the third tier of governance in India, at the level of the municipality or urban local body.
Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) are small local bodies that administer or govern a city or a town of a specified population.
They are vested with a long list of functions delegated to them by the state governments.
These functions broadly relate to public health, welfare, regulatory functions, public safety, public infrastructure works, and development activities.
There are several types of Urban Local Bodies in India such as Municipal Corporation, Municipality, Notified Area Committee, Town Area Committee, Special Purpose Agency, Township, Port Trust, Cantonment Board etc.
Development through history
It has existed since the year 1687, with the formation of Madras Municipal Corporation, and then Calcutta and Bombay Municipal Corporation in 1726.
In the early part of the nineteenth century, almost all towns in India had experienced some form of municipal governance.
In 1882 the then Viceroy of India, Lord Ripon, known as the Father of Local Self Government, passed a resolution of local self-government which lead the democratic forms of municipal governance in India.
In 1919, a Government of India Act incorporated the need of the resolution and the powers of democratically elected government were formulated.
In 1935 another Government of India act brought local government under the preview of the state or provincial government and specific powers were given.
Changes after the 74th Amendment (1992)
It was the 74th amendment to the Constitution that brought constitutional validity to municipal or local governments.
Until amendments were made in respective state legislation on an ultra vires (beyond the authority) basis and the state governments were free to extend or control the functional sphere.
🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁
Join >> @dailynewscom
