pace your MRCP-PACES

✌️✌️ *HEARTIEST CONGRATULATIONS* ✌️✌️ To *Dr Saadia Khan* For passing *PACES MRCP UK from UK* She was with us in our batch for online prepration for PACES in Feb 23. We wish her the best for her future.

👉 *IMPORTANT 490* 👈 *Few pearls about Diarrhea* Bleeding per rectum + aortic stenosis = angiodysplasia ( commonly affect right colon). Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 489* 👈 *Few pearls about Diarrhea* Bloody diarrhoea + elderly with left iliac fossa pain and tenderness = diverticulitis . Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 488* 👈 *Few pearls about Diarrhea* Diarrhoea + vit B12 def + oral ulcers = Crohn's disease . Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 487* 👈 *Few pearls about Diarrhea* Diarrhoea+ perianal fistula or skip lesions+ more constitutional symptoms as compared to diarrhea = Crohn's disease . Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 486* 👈 *Few pearls about Diarrhea* Bloody diarrhea + positive P ANCA = Ulcerative Colitis Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 485* 👈 *Some GIT symptoms important for history taking* Tummy pain (Abdominal pain) Feeling sick (nausea) Heart burn (Reflux) Difficulty swallowing (Dysphagia) Painful swallowing (Odynophagia) Vomiting (Throwing up) How frequent do you open your bowels Lose motions (Diarrhea) Is it easy to flush it down (Steatorrhea) Vomiting of blood (Hematemesis) Bleeding with back passage (Hematochezia) Pain with the back passage Passing black Tarry Offensive motions (Melena) Swollen tummy (Distended abdomen) Yellowish discoloration of the eye white (Jaundice) Change in color of motions; Paller Or Darker. Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 484* 👈 *Some Chest symptoms important for history taking* Chest pain Shortness of breath Coughing Phlegm production (Sputum production) What Color is it? How frequent? Amount? Coughing up blood (Hemoptysis) Noisy chest (wheezing) Sore throat (URTI) Runny nose Snoring (Upper airway obstruction/OSA) Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 483* 👈 *Some Cardiology symptoms important for history taking* Chest pain (Cardiac or non-cardiac) Racing heart (Palpitations) Shortness of breath (Dyspnea) Left side heart failure symptoms (Shortness of breath on lying flat (orthopnea), waking up from sleep short of breath needing to sit up (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea) Low Cardiac output symptoms (dizziness , headaches , leg cramps ,black outs or funny turns) Right side heart failure symptoms (pain in tummy (right hypochondrium), swollen legs) Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 482* 👈 Please remember that the main cause of mortality in ESRD is Cardio-vascular diseases Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 481* 👈 *Few causes of masses in Rt. Illiac Fossa* Illeocecal T.B Carcinoma caecum Lymphoma Appendicular abscess Neoplasia of ovary Ileal carcinoid Pelvic kidney Transplanted kidney Crohns disease Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 480* 👈 *Few causes of epigastric mass* Carcinoma of Stomach (Virchow`s) Carcinoma of Pancreas (Courvoisier sign; enlarged gall bladder) Lymphoma Left Lobe Of The Liver Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 479* 👈 *Few causes of mass in lt. Iliac fossa* Transplanted kidney Carcinoma of colon Neoplasia Lt. Ovary Fecal Mass Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 478* 👈 *The Complications of Renal Replacement Therapy* *Complications Of Renal Transplantation* Cardiovascular Complications Graft Rejection Immuno-Suppressants Complications Recurrent Infections Malignancy Specific Complications for Cytotoxic medications Steroids : D.M, Osteoprosis CNIs: Hyperkalaemia, Hypertrichiosis, Post Transplant D.M., Graft Fibrosis mTORs: Delayed wound healing, Hypercholesterolaemia Antiprolefratives: Anaemia, Bone Marrow depression Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 477* 👈 *The Complications of Renal Replacement Therapy* *Complications Of Peritoneal Dialysis* Peritonitis Tube Related Problems Peritoneal Membrane Dysfunction EPS (Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis) Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 476* 👈 *The Complications of Renal Replacement Therapy* *Complications Of Hemodialysis* Cardiovascular complications e.g. Ischaemic heart disease, Heart failure, Arrhythmias Vascular access Problems/Failure Hypotension Life Style Intolerance Good Luck

👉 *IMPORTANT 475* 👈 *The Complications of Renal Replacement Therapy* It can be remembered in 3 headings 1) Complications Of Hemodialysis 2) Complications Of Peritoneal Dialysis 3) Complications Of Renal Transplantation Good Luck

*👉 IMPORTANT 474👈* *Causes Of Tenderness Over The Graft* Graft Rejection Graft Infection Good Luck

*👉 IMPORTANT 473👈* *Few Indications for Nephrectomy in ADPKD* Peristent Pain Recurrent Pyelonephritis Rescurrent Stone formation To Obtain Extra Rooom for Renal Transplantation If Massively Enlarged. Good Luck

✌️✌️ *HEARTIEST CONGRATULATIONS* ✌️✌️ To *Dr Montasir Elmobark* For passing *MRCP UK PACES from Egypt* He has been keen member of our PACES group. We wish him the best for his future.