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لوجود زخم يوم السبت بمناسبة البازار
تقرر تعطيل دوام الرسمي
يعني ماكو دوام ولا كوزات ولا محاضرات
طلاب بخصوص تقارير
عدكم لاعضوية كل مجموعة بتقرير واحد وكتابة التقرير مو طباعة
وعدكم العقاقير نفس الشي
تقرير لا عضوية عملي
تريد تكتب ذاك الفوك او هذا نفس الشي بس امشي عالترتيب
تقرير لاعضوية
تجربة اللاعضوية اسمها
To prepare and submit Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
Laboratory Report
Preparation and Submission of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO₃)
1. Aim
To prepare calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) in the laboratory and submit it as a pharmaceutical chemical product.
2. Introduction
Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) is a white, odorless powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is widely used in pharmaceutical preparations as a calcium supplement and an antacid to neutralize excess gastric acid.
3. Principle
Calcium carbonate is prepared by a precipitation reaction between calcium chloride and sodium carbonate solutions. Calcium carbonate forms as a white precipitate.
4. Materials and Chemicals
- Calcium chloride (CaCl₂)
- Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃)
- Distilled water
- Beakers
- Glass rod
- Filter paper and funnel
- Drying equipment
5. Procedure
1. Dissolve calcium chloride in distilled water in a beaker.
2. Prepare a separate aqueous solution of sodium carbonate.
3. Add the sodium carbonate solution slowly to the calcium chloride solution with continuous stirring.
4. A white precipitate of calcium carbonate is formed.
5. Filter the precipitate using filter paper.
6. Wash the precipitate with distilled water to remove soluble impurities.
7. Dry the precipitate and collect the final product for submission.
6. Chemical Reaction
[\mathrm{CaCl_2 + Na_2CO_3 \rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow + 2NaCl}
7. Result
A white precipitate of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) is obtained after filtration and drying.
8. Uses
- Used as an antacid to neutralize excess stomach acid.
- Used as a calcium supplement.
- Used as a pharmaceutical excipient in certain formulations.
9. Precautions
- Use clean laboratory equipment.
- Add the solutions slowly while stirring.
- Wash the precipitate thoroughly to remove soluble impurities.
- Allow the product to dry completely before submission.
- Do not use the prepared product for human consumption.
10. Conclusion
Calcium carbonate was prepared successfully by precipitation from calcium chloride and sodium carbonate solutions. The product was obtained as a white solid, then filtered, washed, and dried for submission.
