Microbiology (سنة ثالثة)

الحمد لله والشكر لله، بفضل الله وتوفيقه أنهينا الترم الأول، وكان هذا نتيجة جهود عظيمة وعمل متواصل يستحق كل التقدير 🤍. نتقدم بالشكر للزميلة / سما شمسان " رئيسة دائرة Microbiology " ولجميع الأعضاء، على ما بذلوه من جهود، وما قدموه من تعاون وعطاء والتزام طوال الترم الأول 🔥. | الأعضاء | : • ردمان الشيباني • أنس النور • عبدالرحمن الضبيبي • محمد الماطري • إبراهيم شريان • عيسى الجبوبي • أيهم الأصبحي • عبدالرحمن  الصنعاني • حمدي سعيد • رنيم القدسي • ريم الدالي • جنى ثابت • ريما الدعيس • غيداء جمال الدين • صفاء القشائي •إيمان الحميري • وفاق شرف • رغد البكري • آيات أبو غانم • الاء الكريبي نسأل الله أن يبارك في جهود الجميع، والعودة في الترم القادم بهمة أكبر 🔥. #اللجنة_العلمية_دفعـ42ـة⚡️.

📌📌مهم من الدكتورة: Prozone Phenomenon A phenomenon that can occur during laboratory diagnostic tests. It may produce a false-negative result. The main cause is an excessively high concentration of antibodies in the patient’s serum compared with the amount of antigen in the test. Because the antibody concentration is too high, proper antigen–antibody lattice formation may not occur, so agglutination or precipitation may be absent. Solution: Dilute the patient’s serum and repeat the test.

📌تحديد الدكتورة في مقرر كتاب الBasic Immunology

📌Key Genetic Defects •One of the causes of autoimmunity is Genetic Predisposition (HLA-B27 is associated with Ankylosing Spondylitis) •Chronic Granulomatous Disease is due to defect in cytochrome b558 needed in NAPH oxidase •Chadiak-Higashi Syndrome is due to mutation in LYST protein involved in regulating of intracellular trafficking •Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome is characterized by defective gene encoding for CD43 (sialophorin) required for cytoskeletal reorganization •Bare lymphocyte syndrome : MHC class ll -Impairment of MHC gene transcription MHC class l -Mutation in TAP gene (necessary for Ag processing) •~50% of SCID cases are due to deficiency of the common gamma chain of IL-2 receptor •Ataxia Telangiectasia is due to mutation in ATM gene chromosome 11 •X-linked agammaglobulinemia is due to mutation or deletion in BTK gene •CVID (mutations in TACI have been identified)

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📌الأسئلة اللي آخر الكتاب مع الحل المحتوى: #منشور اسم المادة: #Microbiology القسم:#Immunology عام النشر: #عام_2026 محاضر المادة: #د_بلقيس_الحريبي #اللجنة_العلمية_دفعـ42ـة

put True or false in the brackets: ( F ) 1- Humoral immune response (HIR) eliminates intracellular microbes. ( T ) 2-Plasma cell which derived from B-lymphocyte produces antibodies. ( F ) 3- Immune serum prepared in animals are artificial active immunity. ( T ) 4- T cells helps body immune cells to distinguish self from non-self. ( T ) 5-Antibodies bind to specific antigens on microbes can’t destroy microbes ( T ) 6- Some B lymphocytes evolve into the resting state memory cells. ( F ) 7- Five kinds of antibodies IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE called idiotypes. ( T ) 8- Flexible part in Hinge region is rich in prolin. ( F ) 9- All antigens need to be immunogens. ( F ) 10- IgM and IgA, Expressed on B-cell Surface as B cell receptor ( F ) 11- Indirect ELISA is used to diagnose cytokine and antibodies. ( F ) 13- MHC Class II presents antigen to T helper Lymphocytes through endogenous pathway.

Answer : A 25) Hepatitis B virus protective vaccine is an example of: a- live attenuated vaccines b- Killed vaccine c- Toxoid vaccine d- Subunit vaccine Answer : D 26) Exotoxin produced by bacteria and can cause massive immune response is which of the following except: a-Mitogen b- Superantigen c- Tolerogen d- Toxic shock Syndrome Toxin Answer : C 27) Serum Sickness is an example of which immune disorder: a) Autoimmunity b) Inflammation c) Immune complex Hypersensitivity (Type III) d) Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity Answer : C 28) Hybridoma technique used to produce which of the following: a- Monoclonal Antibodies b- Poly clonal Antibody c- Cytotoxic T cell d-Adjuvant Answer : A

1) Undesirable excessive immune reactions produced by the normal immune system against a foreign Antigen is called: a)Autoimmunity b) Hypersensitivity c)Inflammation d) All the above Answer : B 2) A chemical moiety too small to elicit a T cell response alone, but capable of tight association with self-proteins to create a new foreign target is a: a) Allergen b) Mitogen c) Hapten d) a and c Answer : C 3) A Dendritic cell is: a) Connects innate immunity with adaptive immunity b) An Innate immune cell c) An Antigen presenting cell d) All the above Answer : D 4) In Hypersensitivity caused because the imbalance between the two T helper cell subset in which: a)Th1 =Th2 b)Th1 < Th2 c)Th1 > Th2 d)None of the above Answers: B 5) In the late stages of a Type I Allergy, the cytokine production includes: a) IL-4, IL-13, TNF b) IL-3, IL-5, GM-CSF c) Eosinophil production d) All the above Answer : D 6) Allergy, Asthma, food poisoning, and contact Urticaria are included in hypersensitivity type: a) Type-I b) Type-II c) Type-III d) Type-IV Answer : A 7) Type II hypersensitivity is caused by which of the following: a) Hapten response b) Molecular mimicry c) Idiopathic loss of self-tolerance d) All the above Answer : D 8) Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibodies against: a) Adrenal gland b) Pancreas Beta cells c) Acetylcholine receptor d) Thyroid gland Answer : C 9) Thymic Positive selection is when immature thymocytes with receptors that bind to self-MHC antigens with moderate affinity are selected to: a) Live b) Die c) Mature d) All the above Answer : A 10) Complement kills microbes by which of the following: a) Inflammation b) Cytolysis c) Opsonization d) All the above Answer : D 11) T helper cells are characterized by which of the following markers: a) CD3+ b) CD8+ c) CD4+ d) CD19+ Answer : C 12) Dendritic cells a) Antigen Presenting cell b) Has membrane extension c) Conjugate innate with adaptive system d) All of the above Answer : D 13) In the adaptive immune response, the cell-mediated immune response is based on: a) Antibodies b) B-lymphocytes c) T-lymphocytes d) NK Cells Answer : C 14) The immune response that develops in several days and does not limit the infection is called: a) Primary Immune response b) Secondary Immune response c) Cell mediated response d) Humoral Immune response Answer : A 15) Eosinophils increase in cases of: a) Allergy b) Parasitic infection c) Bacterial infection d) (a and b) تتعدل الخيارات كذا Answer : D 16) Humoral mechanism in innate immunity include: a- Cytokines b- Complements c- NK cells d- (a and b) Answer : D 17) Collective and coordinative response to foreign substance: a-Immunity b-Immunology c- Immune response d- Immune system Answer : C 18) In Hing Region Residues targeted for proteolytic digestion enzyme in antibody are mainly composed of: a-Light chains VL and CL. b- Cysteine c-Proline d- (b and c) Answer : D 19) In Secondary response is characterized by which of the following a- specific clones produced b- delayed c-Rapid and fast d- (a and b) Answer : C 20) Exposure to the antigen as in infection with influenza viruses or polio is known as: a) Innate immunity b) Adoptive immunity c) Active adaptive immunity d) Passive adaptive immunity Answer : C 21) The Alternative pathway of complement: a) Is part of Innate immunity b) Is specific immunity c) Is Non-speci ic Immunity d) Starts with C3 activation Answer : A , B , D 22) In the active adaptive immunity, what is administered? a) Products of the immune system b) Competent immune cells c) Exposure to an antigen d) Antibody transmission Answer : C 23) When competent immune product from immune-competent individual are transplanted into immune-incompetent individuals this immunity is called: a-Active b- Passive c- Adaptive d- Adoptive adaptive Answer : D 24) MMR combined vaccine is an example of a- Live attenuated vaccines b- Killed vaccine c- Toxoid vaccine d- Subunit vaccine

الجدول اللي فوق مش علينا واللي تحت أهم نقاط : LDH CD25 CD30

وهنا المهم 3 stages of cancer immunoediting : -Elimination -Equilibrium -Escape

أهم نقاط X-linked agammaglobulinemia X-linked hyper IgM syndrome

أهم نقطة اللي فوق SCID

مش علينا