UPSC Data Factory

😁 Bach ke raho . Government advisory

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#CurrentAffair Support to Poor Prisoners Scheme: 1)Launched in 2023 by Union Home Ministry. 2)Provides financial help to poor prisoners unable to pay fines or bail. 3)Aims to reduce prison overcrowding and alleviate hardship. Eligibility and Exclusions 1)Covers indigent prisoners facing release delays due to fines/bail. 2)Excludes offences under PCA, PMLA, NDPS, UAPA. 3)Bars heinous crimes: terrorism, national security offences. 4)Excludes dowry deaths, rape, human trafficking, POCSO cases. .... ——————————- For free UPSC resources https://t.me/addlist/yApUKPNXKVljNDk1

🆕Aravalli Hills: Change in definition and aftermath Introduction * The Supreme Court has established a uniform definition of the Aravalli hills, halting new mining leases across Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Gujarat. * The Aravallis are critical for preventing desertification, climate regulation, biodiversity conservation, and groundwater recharge. Geographical & Ecological Significance * One of the oldest mountain ranges in the world (around two billion years old). * Extends nearly 650 km from Delhi to Gujarat. * Acts as a natural barrier against the eastward spread of the Thar Desert. * Source region for rivers such as Chambal, Sabarmati, and Luni. * Rich in sandstone, limestone, marble, granite, and other minerals. Mining & Environmental Concerns * Long history of mining; excessive quarrying has degraded air quality and disrupted groundwater recharge. * Significant portions of mining were illegal, despite restrictions since the early 1990s. * 2009: Supreme Court imposed a mining ban in select districts of Haryana. Supreme Court Interventions & Recommendations 2024 | Central Empowered Committee (CEC) recommendations: * Scientific mapping of the entire Aravalli range. * Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of mining activities. * Complete prohibition of mining in ecologically sensitive areas. * Strict regulation and monitoring of stone-crushing units. Aravalli “Green Wall” Project * Launched in June 2025. * Aims to expand green cover in a 5-km buffer around the Aravallis. * Covers 29 districts across four states. * Targets restoration of 26 million hectares of degraded land by 2030. Definitional Challenges & Resolution * Lack of a consistent definition led to regulatory loopholes. * Supreme Court constituted a committee to resolve ambiguity. * Final definition: All hills above 100 metres are classified as Aravalli hills. Management Plan for Sustainable Mining (MPSM) * Comprehensive plan for the entire Aravalli range. * Clear demarcation of no-mining zones and regulated mining areas. * Mapping of sensitive habitats and wildlife corridors. * Assessment of ecological impact and carrying capacity. Conclusion * The Supreme Court advocates a balanced approach—curbing illegal mining while enabling sustainable development. * Existing legal mining is regulated; new mining remains paused until a scientific management plan is in place. * Ecologically sensitive zones remain protected, ensuring long-term environmental security.

😄😄 No one noticed but cheque system slowly evaporated

Prelims ✅

#CurrentAffair Viksit Bharat Shiksha Adhishthan Bill 2025 Bill to be introduced in Parliament's Winter Session 2025. Proposes major overhaul of higher education regulatory framework. New Umbrella Body: VBSA 1)Establishes 12-member Viksit Bharat Shiksha Adhishthan (VBSA) commission. 2)Acts as overarching body for higher education regulation. 3)Subsumes functions of UGC, AICTE, and NCTE. 4)UGC's grants disbursement shifted to Ministry of Education mechanisms.

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India is spending only 5.75 per cent of its defence budget on research and development, far lower than the US, which allocates more than 10 per cent, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Chairman Samir V Kamat said on Monday, underscoring the urgent need to boost investment in defence R&D to prepare for future warfare.

Union MoS Home informed Lok Sabha that LWE is at its lowest level in decades.

Key Data

Surrenders in 2025: 2,167. Surrenders (2019–2025): 5,571. LWE incidents: 1,936 (2010) → 218 (2025). Civilian + security deaths: 1,005 (2010) → 93 (2025). Geographical spread: sharply contracted; operational capacity weakened. Reason for decline: sustained security ops & improved governance in tribal belts. ——————————- For free UPSC resources https://t.me/addlist/yApUKPNXKVljNDk1

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MGNREGA to G RAM G

15th FC Horizontal Criteria: 1.Income Distance – 45% 2.Population (2011) – 15% 3.Area – 15% 4.Forest and Ecology – 10% 5.Tax Effort – 2.5% 6.Demographic Performance – 12.5% Income Distance (45%): Poorer States receive more due to lower per capita income; richer States receive less due to higher fiscal capacity. .... ——————————- For free UPSC resources https://t.me/addlist/yApUKPNXKVljNDk1

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