EnvironmentFlash 🦚

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https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/how-ants-cope-with-disease-outbreaks/article71088090.ece#:~:text=In%20some%20ant%20species%2C%20individuals,has%20some%20protection%20against%20infections.

India designated its 100th Ramsar site on World Environment Day, officially recognizing the Jai Prakash Narayan Bird Sanctuary (commonly known as Surha Tal) in Ballia district, Uttar Pradesh, as a Wetland of International Importance. https://indianexpress.com/article/upsc-current-affairs/upsc-essentials/india-100th-ramsar-surha-taal-wetlands-upsc-knowledge-nugget-10725346/

➡️ India will require $2.5 trillion by 2030 to meet its Nationally Determined Contributions. ➡️ Over the longer term, the cost of achieving net-zero emissions by 2070 is estimated at $10.1 trillion ➡️ Union Budget 2024-25: India would develop a climate-finance taxonomy. This is the foundation of the entire ecosystem. ➡️ Federally disaggregated nature: States have neither the borrowing capacity nor the institutional infrastructure to access international climate finance. Four Major Recommendations: ➡️ First, finalise and enact the Climate Finance Taxonomy without further delay. ➡️ Second, the RBI must move from enabling green finance to mandating it -> expanded PSL targets that include climate adaptation alongside mitigation. ➡️ Third, establish a State Climate Finance Facility, capitalised for example to give States and municipalities genuine access to green debt markets. ➡️ Fourth, scale sovereign green bond issuances rapidly and embed them in the SLR framework to deepen the domestic market and attract foreign capital. Article link 🔗 https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/funding-indias-climate-future-the-trillion-dollar-question/article71062224.ece/amp/

Article on Climate Finance:

Need of Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA): ➡️EbA uses biodiversity and ecosystem services to help people adapt to climate change. ➡️India’s coastline hosts a range of ecosystems, including mangroves, seagrasses, coral reefs, and wetlands, that act as natural buffers against climate impacts. ➡️EbA offers a promising strategy for reducing climate risk while sustaining the ecosystems that support fisheries, agriculture, and tourism. ➡️In India’s adaptation planning seawalls, groynes, and embankments continue to dominate adaptation spending, even though they can be costly to maintain and sometimes transfer risks elsewhere. ➡️The benefits of EbA: --> In the Sundarbans,over 18,000 women restored 4,600 hectares of mangroves, blunting the devastation of cyclones Amphan and Yaas --> The restoration also streng thened livelihoods through activities such as honey collection and crab farming. --> When Cyclone Dana made landfall near Odisha's coast, the region's mangroves quietly provided a vital natural shield.

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/great-indian-bustard-chick-born-in-gujarat-after-a-decade-through-jumpstart-approach-environment-minister/article70797441.ece A fertile egg was transported over 770 km from a captive breeding center in Sam, Rajasthan, to Naliya, Kutch, in a 19-hour, halt-free, specialized journey.

Importance of Oak Trees for Himalayas: 1.Oak trees belong to the genus Quercus under the Fagaceae family. 2.Oaks grow in temperate to subtropical climates and in India are mainly found in the Himalayan region at altitudes of 800–3000 metres. 3.Major oak species include Banj, Moru, Kharsu, Rianj, and Phaliath oak. 4.Threatened by deforestation, forest fires, and invasion by species like chir pine and lantana. Article link 🔗 https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/uttarakhand-hc-mussoorie-oak-tree-felling-importance-10624013/