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SQL INTERVIEW PREPARATION PART-23 What are window functions in SQL, and how are they different from aggregate functions? Provide an example. Answer: Window functions perform calculations across a set of table rows that are related to the current row. They differ from aggregate functions in that they do not cause rows to be grouped into a single output row; instead, they retain the individual rows. Key Differences: 1. Window Functions: - Perform calculations across a set of table rows related to the current row. - Do not group rows into a single output row, allowing you to retain the detail of each row. - Require an OVER() clause which defines the window or the subset of rows to perform the calculation on. 2. Aggregate Functions: - Perform calculations on a set of rows and return a single value. - Typically used with GROUP BY to group rows into a single summary row. Example:

SELECT 
    employee_id, 
    department_id, 
    salary, 
    AVG(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY department_id) AS avg_department_salary
FROM 
    employees;

In this example, the AVG function is used as a window function to calculate the average salary of employees within each department, without collapsing the rows into a single summary row. Tip: Emphasize that window functions are powerful for performing calculations that require both detail and summary data, such as running totals, moving averages, or rank calculations within a specific partition of the dataset. You can refer these SQL Interview Resources to learn more Like this post if you want me to continue this SQL series 👍♥️ Share with credits: https://t.me/sqlspecialist Hope it helps :)

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