Important knowledge

Fanconi anemia

⚡️ddx of spherocyte in blood film ----------------------------- ▪︎ABO incompatibility ▪︎Hereditary spherocytosis ▪︎Wilson's disease ▪︎thermal injury ▪︎clostridial septicemia

▪︎ the test of choice to diagnose Hereditary spherocytosis is Eosin-5-maleimide dye staining

⚡️Reumatology ----------------- ▪︎ JIA = ⬆️ WBC , PLT ▪︎SLE = ⬇️WBC , PLT

⚡️Wilms tumor & syndrome associated ------------------ ▪︎WAGR syndrome = WT1 gene ▪︎Denys-Drash syndrome = WT1 gene ▪︎Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome = WT2 gene

⚡️post streptococcal glomerlionephritis ▪︎post pharyngitis = ASOT titer ▪︎post skin infection = antideoxyribonuclease B level .... to confirm streptococcal infection

⚡️Most common bacteria that cause Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis :- ▪︎In children = Streptococcus pneumoniae ▪︎In adult = E.coli

⚡️secondary bacterial infection ▪︎bronchiolitis (viral) = rare ▪︎viral pneumonia = 30%

⚡️In bronchiolitis there's no recpmmendation for bronchodilator there's no recommendation for steriod there's no recommendation for antiviral ( except infants with congenital heart disease or chronic lung disease.) ▪︎The corner stone of treatment is Oxygen

⚡️In bronchiolitis there's no role of of bronchodilator there's no role of steriod there's no role of antiviral ▪︎The corner stone of treatment is Oxygen

#peadiatric

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⚡️diagnosis of pancreatitis is 2 of 3 :- ------------ ▪︎Clinical (typical presentation) ▪︎Biochemical (⬆️amylase, lipase) ▪︎Radiological (CT) ..... Just like MI

⚡️most common cause of : - ------------------------ ▪︎dilated cardiomyopathy = Alcohol ▪︎Restrictive cardiomyopathy = amyliodosis

⚡️Anti-coagulants & valvular heart diseases ----------------------- ▪︎MS = for all pt. ▪︎AS = for pt. with AF or mechanical valve only

⚡️Causes of weight loss in HF (cardiac cachexia) ------------------------ ▪︎anorexia ▪︎ impaired absorption due to gastrointestinal congestion ▪︎poor tissue perfusion due to a low cardiac output ▪︎ skeletal muscle atrophy due to immobility.

⚡️Indication of GTN in MI :- ----------------------- ▪︎MI + hypertension ▪︎MI + HF & pulmonary odema ▪︎MI + persistent chest pain & pt. hemodynamicly stable

⚡️All pt. with angina due to CAD should given :- ----------------------- 1) anti-platela ( aspirin or clopidogrel) 2) statin ( even if normal lipid profile) 3) GTN ( on need )

⚡️Causes of ventricular ectopic beats :- ---------------------------- ▪︎normal people ▪︎underlying structure heart disease (HF) ▪︎underlying Ischemic heart disease ▪︎following MI ▪︎Digoxin toxicity