Important knowledge

⚡️ Diabetic vascular complications are common in women of reproductive age

⚡️Folic acid in pregnency ▪︎Low risk pregnency = 400 Microgram ▪︎high risk pregnency = 5 mg 3 indications only for 5mg folic acid (high risk situations) including: ▪︎pt. with history of previous baby with neural tube defect ▪︎diabetic pt. ▪︎pt. on anti epileptic drugs

🔸️ serum ferrtin not affected by pregnancy so Decrease ferrtin level<12micrigram/l indicat the IDA

🔸️ The most common ‘cause’ of post-term pregnancy is inaccurate pregnancy dating

🔸️Co-amoxiclav is not recommended for women with PPROM because of concerns about necrotizing enterocolitis.

⚡️PROM tests 🔸️ most important step in an accurate diagnosis of PROM is examination sterile speculum examination 🔸️ Other tests includes ▪︎ferning test ▪︎ nitrazine tests

⚡️Cervical length of 15 mm or less at 20–24 weeks predicts a 50% risk of preterm delivery prior to 34 weeks in a low-risk population

⚡️The most important part of the work-up of a fetal demise (IUD) is autopsy of the fetus.

🔸️ Doppler velocimetry is considered standard in the evaluation and management of the growth-restricted fetus

▪︎early growth restriction = (symmetrical IUGR) ▪︎late growth restriction = (asymmetrical IUGR)

⚡️Heart disease that is contraindications of pregnancy are: ---------------------- ▪︎Eisenmenger's syndrome, ▪︎severe MS ▪︎marfan's syndrome with aortic root dilatation ▪︎severe cardiomyopathy

🔸️ MgSO4 toxicity signs The first sign is absent patellar reflex

⚡️Prophylactic caesarean section is indicated when: ----------------------------------- ▪︎ Estimated fetal weight > 5 kg in women without DM. ▪︎ Estimated fetal weight > 4.5 kg in women with DM. ...to avoid sholder dystocia

⚡️The major maternal risk from shoulder dystocia is Postpartum hemorrhage

⚡️The majority of (DVT) occurring during pregnancy are in the left leg

مقدس

⚡️Macafee regime of expectant management is used in treatment of placenta praevia

⚡️the diagnostic technique of choice for placenta praevia is Transvaginal ultrasound

⚡️During active bleeding, the transfusion of platelets is often the best practical means of counteracting a clotting deficiency.

The most common cause of a breast mass in a pregnant or breastfeeding woman Lactating adenoma 🤱