UPSC CSE Why

🚨 16th February | Saturday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. Fagli Festival [ 🗓️February] What? • Traditional harvest festival celebrated by the Himachali tribal community • Marked by vibrant dances, unique customs, and religious rituals Why in News? • Recently highlighted for preserving indigenous Himalayan culture • Focus on its mask dance, an intangible cultural heritage of India 2. President’s Rule • Article 356; imposed when a State's constitutional machinery fails • President takes over functions of State government & transfers powers to Parliament • Cannot overrule High Court or exercise judicial powers • Requires Parliament’s approval within 2 months + can be extended up to 3 Yrs • Conditions for Imposition: - President’s judgment; - Breakdown of law and order; - Situations listed in Bommai judgment (1994)

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫

The Hindu 🗞️ 1. Stubble burning contributes only 14% PM2.5 in Delhi-NCR: study (Science page) (GS3: Climate) 2. Why is a new Bill on foreigners coming? (FAQ Page) (GS2: Policies) 3. What is the cancer vaccine Russia is offering? (FAQ Page) (GS2/GS3: IR and SnT) P.S: BhAi is now updated to give you up-to-date explanations on current affairs anytime! Check it out here.

Pre note: Current affairs se kabhi break mat lena! UPSC me ye game-changer hai. 🚨 15th February  | Saturday 🚨 1. Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) [Rajiv Kr set to retire] • Article 324(2): The Election Commission comprises the CEC + other Election Commissioners. • Appointed by President, tenure 6 years or until age 65. • Roles: Guardian of Indian Elections, Issues Model Code of Conduct, Recognition of Political Parties etc • T. N. Seshan (CEC: 1991-96) enforced the Moral Code of Conduct and led key electoral reforms. 2. Saksham (Sanrakshan Kshamta Mahotsav) • Fuel conservation campaign of the Petroleum Conservation Research Association (PCRA) • PCRA, under the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, is a non-profit agency promoting energy efficiency.

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫

IndianExpresss 📰 1. Masters of the sea (Ideas page) (GS2: IR) 2. Entire Explained page (GS2: IR) The Hindu 🗞️ 1. The Teesta dam and the long shadow of climate change (Editorial) (GS3: Environment) 2. Dealing with China’s weaponisation of e-supply chains (Editorial) (GS3: Inn Relations) PS: Kitna yaad raha aur kitna bhool gaye? CSEWhy App par subject wise practice karein!

Pre note: Rukne ka time nahi hai, bas aage badhna hai! 🚨 14th February  | Friday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. Income Tax Bill 2025 • Bill defines 'assesment year' ‘tax year’ as 12 months beginning from April 1 • The new bill includes virtual digital assets (VDAs), such as cryptocurrencies and NFTs, part of taxable  assets. • Removes outdated exemptions Section 54E (which provided capital gains exemptions for transfers before April 1992) • Dispute Resolution Panel (DRP) now clearly defines: Points of determination, Decisions & Reasons for rulings 2. Why Blair House Matters? • Not just a guest house; symbol of US diplomacy • Depicts high level of diplomatic importance for visiting leader • Strategic location (right across the White House) allows for easy access • Only a few important dignitaries stay at Blair House, it shows India’s growing strategic ties with the US

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫I

Indian Express 📰 1. What’s new in IT bill (Explained page) (GS2: Policies) 2. Defence to energy, deepening of India-France ties amid geopolitical shift (Explained page) (GS2: IR) The Hindu 🗞️ 1. China’s dam project opens the floodgates of concern (Editorial) (GS2: Inn Relations) 2. What is happening in the DRC? (Text & Context) (GS1: World History) PS: Revision bina retention impossible hai; Uske baad Practice utna hi jaruri. Keep Practicing 🎯

100 days to #UPSC Prelims 😍 Pyaar muhabbat dhoka hai, padh le beta mauka hai! 😛

Pre note: Hindi audiobooks ab available.,CSEWhy App par! 🚨 13th February | Thursday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. Deep-sea water space station [South China Sea] • Will be anchored 6560 feet below the surface of the strategically significant South China Sea • It is bordered by China, Taiwan (north), Indo-Chinese peninsula (west), Indonesia, Brunei (south), and the Philippines (east). • China built ~3,000 acres of artificial islands on seven Spratly reefs near South China Sea 2. India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) • Project forms part of the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment (PGII) • Railroad, Ship-to-Rail networks - East Corridor – connecting India to the Arabian Gulf - The Northern Corridor – connecting the Gulf to Europe • It ill also include an electricity cable, a hydrogen pipeline and a high-speed data cable.

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫

Indian Express 📰 1. A Climate Letdown (The Editorial Page) (GS3: Environment) 2.Some Surprises, Many Challenges (The Idea Page) (GS2: Social Justice) The Hindu 🗞️ 1. What is contributing to the downturn in Indian markets? (Text & Context) (GS3: Economy) 2. Easterine Kire: chronicler of the lives and fables of Nagas (GS1: Indian Society) PS: Newspaper shaam mei padhne ka maza alag hota hai :)

दोस्तों, CSEWhy app अब पूरा हिंदी में भी उपलब्ध है। अगर आपने अभी तक डाउनलोड नहीं किया है तो app.csewhy.com से डाउनलोड कर लीजिए आगे आपने डाउनलोड कर रखा है तो playstore से app update ज़रूर कर लीजिए। कोई भी सवाल हो, आप इस मेसेज के जवाब में पूछ सकते है। 👇🏼

Pre note: CSEWhy App अब हिंदी अभ्यर्थियों के लिए उपलब्ध है! 🚨 12th February | Wednesday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. President’s rule [Article 356 of Indian Constitution] • Allows President’s Rule in state if governance cannot be carried out • Imposed based on a Governor’s report • Grounds for Imposition - Breakdown of constitutional machinery - Failure to comply with Union directives - No party secured majority • Effects of President’s Rule - State government dismissed; Governor administers - Parliament assumes state legislature’s powers - President can dissolve/suspend state assembly 2. Shape of earth’s core changed • Earth's inner core has changed shape, likely due to the outer core's pull • HOW? Inner core's spin rate is not constant; it once spun slightly faster than Earth's surface but is now slower • Earthquake vibrations from South Sandwich Islands using seismometers in Alaska and Canada were analysed • Identical earthquake signals showed differences at Yellowknife but not Fairbanks, suggesting deformation at inner core’s outer boundary • Conclusion: Turbulent outer core flow or gravitational pull from mantle sections may have softened and deformed the boundary 3. Shakti Semiconductor Chip [ Developed by IIT Madras] •.India’s 1st RISC-V microprocessor •.Designed to reduce reliance on foreign chips •.Funded by MeitY u/ Microprocessor Development Program • Applications - Defense & Strategic Use - IoT & Consumer Electronics - AI & High-Performance Computing

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫

Indian express 📰 1. Deal making with Trump (Editorial) (GS2: IR) 2. In a new nation, when abolition of Zamindari…(Express network) (GS1: History) 3. The Modi-Trump meeting (Explained page) (GS2: IR) The Hindu 🗞️ 1. A legal ‘remedy’ that perpetuates survivor trauma (Editorial) (GS2: Court Judgements) 2. Addressing the growing threat of forest fires (Opinion page) (GS3: Climate) 3. How will freeze on USAID affect the world? (Text&Context) (GS2: IR) PS: Waqt beetta jaa raha hai. Koi samasya ho toh btao.

Pre note: Kaise ho aspirants? Taiyari full swing me hai na? 🚨 11th February  | Tuesday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. AI Action Summit [India co-chairs it in Paris] • Purpose: Covers innovation, public interest AI, work, and governance. • 1st Summit (Bletchley): Launched U.K. AI Safety Institute, focused on AI risks. • GoI will give an 18,600-GPU facility with 40% government funding 2. PM-POSHAN Scheme • Started in 2021, it replaced the Mid-day Meal Scheme in India. • Children Class 1-8 & Balvatika kids (ages 3-5) get 100-150g food grains/day for at least 700 calories. • National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-5 (2019-21): 35.5% children below 5 stunted, 32.1% underweight.

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫

Indian Express 📰 1. Not a deal, a relationship (The Editorial Page) (GS2: Inn Relations) 2. In Paris, An Opportunity(The Idea Page) (GS3: Sc & Tech) The Hindu 🗞️ 1. India as a bridge between the Global North and South (Editorial) (GS2: Inn Relations) 2. The problem of regulating live-in relationships (Editorial) (GS1: Indian Society) PS: UPSC me time management sabse zaroori hai! CSEWhy App ka use smartly karo.

Friends, with just 3 months to go to #UPSC Pre, Time to revise smart making every day count. Starting today, I’ll be posting: ✅ STATIC GS Revision Series – Key topics, crisp concepts ✅ Current Affairs Revision Series – Important events, quick summaries. Read, revise, and share with fellow aspirants—every bit of info counts!

Pre note: Kaise ho? Chalo, current affairs ho jaye! 🚨 10th February | Monday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary [MP] • Lies within the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion. • Chambal River flows; designated as Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA). • Chaturbhujnath Temple, Bhadkaji rock paintings, Taxakeshwar Temple are inaide sanctuary. • Fauna- Spotted Deer, Indian Leopard, Striped Hyena, and Jackal. 2. Ladki Bahin Scheme

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫

Indian express 📰 1. How mice learn to suppress fear, implications of this finding (Explained page) (GS3: SnT) 2. Private property and state’s right to acquire according to law (Explained page) (GS2: Law) The Hindu 🗞️ 1. India’s opportunity at the AI Action Summit (Opinion) (GS2: Inn Relations) 2. How has the Budget allocated funds for urban development (Text&Context) (GS2: Governance) PS: अब तैयारी होगी और आसान! CSEWhy App अब हिंदी में भी होगा!

Pre note: Kaise ho? Chalo, current affairs ho jaye! 🚨 10th February | Monday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary [MP] • Lies within the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion. • Chambal River flows; designated as Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA). • Chaturbhujnath Temple, Bhadkaji rock paintings, Taxakeshwar Temple are inaide sanctuary. • Fauna- Spotted Deer, Indian Leopard, Striped Hyena, and Jackal. 2. Ladki Bahin Scheme

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫

Indian express 📰 1. How mice learn to suppress fear, implications of this finding (Explained page) (GS3: SnT) 2. Private property and state’s right to acquire according to law (Explained page) (GS2: Law) The Hindu 🗞️ 1. India’s opportunity at the AI Action Summit (Opinion) (GS2: Inn Relations) 2. How has the Budget allocated funds for urban development (Text&Context) (GS2: Governance) PS: अब तैयारी होगी और आसान! CSEWhy App अब हिंदी में भी होगा!

Pre note: Success ka sirf ek shortcut hai—Consistency! Consistent bano ⏱ 🚨 9th February  | Sunday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. National Assessment  and Accreditation Council [NAAC] • Autonomous body under the University Grants Commission (UGC), certifies Higher Education Institution’s. • HEIs (6+ yrs old or 2+ batches graduated) can apply; valid for 5 yrs. • UGC India, a statutory body under MoE, was established via the UGC Act 1956. • Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) World Rankings 2023: Only IIT-B, IIT-D & IISc in top 200. 2. National Mission on Manuscript [500 cr Fund given] • Estd in 2003, by the Ministry of Tourism and Culture, GoI. • Objective: To documents, conserves, digitizes & shares India's manuscript heritage. • A manuscript is a 75+ yr old handwritten work on paper, bark, cloth, metal, or palm leaf.

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫

The Hindu 🗞️ 1. How do bacteria resist antibiotics? (Science Page) (GS3: Sc & Tech) 2. Are freebies and welfare schemes different? (FAQ page) (GS4: Ethics) PS: Purane CA bhi revise karo—Pre 2025 ke liye zaroori hai! CSEWhy App par sab milega