UPSC CSE Why

Taking live questions on Twitter for next 30 minutes. If you’ve any prelims prep related issues, drop them here. Will help! ☺️ https://twitter.com/csewhy/status/1643498610527444993?s=46&t=9sA42S8ayGCzzKyFIJII0g

Getting a lot of queries on PYQ notes. Note: I’m working on bringing comprehensive notes covering every single question in last 15 years. Will put them for sale by end of this week for all to learn and benefit from! Keep studying hard! 💪🏻

Pre note: Get your visual notes from my pinned message 🥰 🚨April 4 2023 | Tuesday🚨 1. Contract terms Contract for service When one wants to engage services of a third party as an independent contractor for a specific purpose Contract of service When one engages on employment basis 2. How are lawmakers disqualified in India? Revise it on my blog, only source you need on this topic Reading Recommendations TH 1. Time to put a price on carbon emission 2. Why India should cut down on its salt intake (v. imp) 3. The demand for Scottish independence (Read just the gist if you have other things on priority) PS: appreciate my effort by reacting to this message ❤️

Easy to find Qs in PYQs from this phenomenon. Develop a visual memory and do remember dates

Pre note: Get your visual notes from my pinned message 🥰 🚨April 3 2023 | Monday🚨 Join my high value blog for UPSC CSE aspirants CSEWhy.substack.com Evergreening - Making slight changes to formulation to extend the patent period and keep monopoly over drug - Indian patent law disallows evergreening as it bans patens for new form of same substance developed without any significant improvement Pre related - Deshabhimani a paper by TK Madhavan (Ezhava leader related to Vaikom Satyagraha) - Medicines for TB: Streptomycin, Kanamycin, and Bedaquiline - Eravikulam NP, natural habitat of Nilgiri Tahr (Munnar) Reading Recommendations IE 1. Recalling Vaikom, satyagraha that led to opening of temple doors to lower castes 2. KA's new quota regime 3. Why bedaquiline patent decision could hold key to 2025 TB goal (note diff names) TH 1. Why was month of March in Mumbai relatively cooler? (very imp article) 2. The Bharat 6G vision document: how India plans to lead telecom tech (v. imp article- take notes) PS: appreciate my effort by reacting to this message ❤️

As Promised, I am compiling most news myself under Pre related and have reduced reading recommendations as Prelims near. Keep studying hard and don't forget PYQs.

Pre note: Get your visual notes from my pinned message 🥰 🚨April 2 2023 | Sunday🚨 Join my high value blog for UPSC CSE aspirants CSEWhy.substack.com Domestic content requirement - Related to solar power production in India Genome Sequencing Technique to find the sequence of the genes (ACGT order of DNA) Pre related 1. Bastille Day Parade - Annual military parade of France - PM Manmohan Singh attended as guest in 2009 2. Wildlife Trust of India - 1998 estd. NGO - Aim: to conserve wildlife and habitat to work for animal welfare Partners with governments and communities 3. Universal Service Obligation Fund - Created in 2002 u/ Ministry of Communications - Statutory support under Indian Telegram (Amendment) Act 2003 - Aim: to ensure universal non-discriminatory access to quality ICT services to people in remote and rural areas - Non lapsable fund 4. Marburg Virus Disease - Recent outbreak in Equatorial Guinea and Tanzania - First seen in 1967 in Germany & Serbia - Symptoms: Severe Haemorrhagic fever (fatal) - Closely related to Ebola, rated as high risk by WHO - Spread: Infected animals (fruit bats) + bodily fluids in human to human contact - Africa worst affected 5. AI chatbots and their companies/countries - ChatGPT by OpenAI (Microsoft backed) - Bard by Google, USA - Ernie by Baidu, China - ELSA by MIT, USA 6. Asilomar AI Principles - 2017 conference 'Beneficial AI' by Future of Life Institute (FLI) - One of earliest sets of AI governing principals 7. UNFCCC (UN Framework Convention on Climate Change) - estd 1992 at Rio Summit - 2015 Paris agreement u/ UNFCCC (Parent of COPs) - Near universal membership (197 countries) - Objectives: Time framed achievement of GHGs concentrations at safe levels 8. International Court of Justice - Estd. 1945, based in Hague (Netherlands) - Settles legal disputes b/w states and offer advisory opinions to UN agencies and others - Justice Dalveer Bhandari is a judge here (Former CJI, Bombay HC and judge of SC) 9. Israel's proposed reforms - Curtail Judicial Review - Override SC judgements with simple majority of 61 in the Knesset (Israel's Parliament) - Remove 'Reasonability test' - Seek greater say in the judicial appointments - Currently, 9 members where 3 are from Court, 2 from Bar council, 2 from Knesset and 2 from Govt. - Govt. wants to replace bar council representatives with 2 Public representatives thus taking majority to 6/9 10. Great Nicobar - Home to Shompen and Nicobaris tribes - Home to Galathea River (v. imp) - Home to Leatherback turtle world's largest marine turtle, Nicobari Megapode (endemic) - Lies b/w Andaman sea and Bay of Bengal in a tectonically sensitive zone - ~8k current population comprising of 2 tribes + ex servicemen Reading Recommendations TH 1. Can countries be sued over climate change? PS: appreciate my effort by reacting to this message ❤️

Pre note: Get your visual notes from my pinned message 🥰 🚨April 2 2023 | Sunday🚨 Join my high value blog for UPSC CSE aspirants CSEWhy.substack.com Domestic content requirement - Related to solar power production in India Genome Sequencing Technique to find the sequence of the genes (ACGT order of DNA) Pre related 1. Bastille Day Parade - Annual military parade of France - PM Manmohan Singh attended as guest in 2009 2. Wildlife Trust of India - 1998 estd. NGO - Aim: to conserve wildlife and habitat to work for animal welfare Partners with governments and communities 3. Universal Service Obligation Fund - Created in 2002 u/ Ministry of Communications - Statutory support under Indian Telegram (Amendment) Act 2003 - Aim: to ensure universal non-discriminatory access to quality ICT services to people in remote and rural areas - Non lapsable fund 4. Marburg Virus Disease - Recent outbreak in Equatorial Guinea and Tanzania - First seen in 1967 in Germany & Serbia - Symptoms: Severe Haemorrhagic fever (fatal) - Closely related to Ebola, rated as high risk by WHO - Spread: Infected animals (fruit bats) + bodily fluids in human to human contact - Africa worst affected 5. AI chatbots and their companies/countries - ChatGPT by OpenAI (Microsoft backed) - Bard by Google, USA - Ernie by Baidu, China - ELSA by MIT, USA 6. Asilomar AI Principles - 2017 conference 'Beneficial AI' by Future of Life Institute (FLI) - One of earliest sets of AI governing principals 7. UNFCCC (UN Framework Convention on Climate Change) - estd 1992 at Rio Summit - 2015 Paris agreement u/ UNFCCC (Parent of COPs) - Near universal membership (197 countries) - Objectives: Time framed achievement of GHGs concentrations at safe levels 8. International Court of Justice - Estd. 1945, based in Hague (Netherlands) - Settles legal disputes b/w states and offer advisory opinions to UN agencies and others - Justice Dalveer Bhandari is a judge here (Former CJI, Bombay HC and judge of SC) 9. Israel's proposed reforms - Curtail Judicial Review - Override SC judgements with simple majority of 61 in the Knesset (Israel's Parliament) - Remove 'Reasonability test' - Seek greater say in the judicial appointments - Currently, 9 members where 3 are from Court, 2 from Bar council, 2 from Knesset and 2 from Govt. - Govt. wants to replace bar council representatives with 2 Public representatives thus taking majority to 6/9 Reading Recommendations TH 1. Can countries be sued over climate change? PS: appreciate my effort by reacting to this message ❤️

Sunday Motivation 👇🏼 "IPS uniform me dekhkar kya bola mere Papa ne!" | IPS Rajesh Mohan | UPSC CSE Why https://youtu.be/Co-Fkc15Rvk

Reminder: Bhakti Saints compiled in one place. Download now 👆🏼

Mapped Bhakti saints to their respective states. Read once just, never forget 😉

Pre note: Get your visual notes from my pinned message 🥰 🚨April 1 2023 | Saturday🚨 Join my high value blog for UPSC CSE aspirants CSEWhy.substack.com Gamosa - Phulam Gamosa is symbol of Assamese cultural identity - Deep symbolic value in Assam (religious, social and cultural) - Socially: gifted to symbolize mutual respect and solidarity - Finds special place in Vaishnava culture - GI Tag In Bengal, Uttariya a long scarf is often used in cultural programmes and to welcome guests in Bengali society. Reading Recommendations IE 1. Attention killers of plants: They could be screaming in pain TH 1. Govt. vows swifter nod for exporters PS: appreciate my effort by reacting to this message ❤️

IPS Rakesh Mohan has scored 140+ in his Prelims. He shared 7 most important tips for Pre in this video. Watch & learn 👇🏼 https://youtu.be/ySmJhvZLCAI

Pre note: Get your visual notes from my pinned message 🥰 🚨March 31 2023 | Friday🚨 Join my high value blog for UPSC CSE aspirants CSEWhy.substack.com Bioinformatics The science of collecting and analysing complex biological data such as genetic codes. Fly Ash Combustion of Pulverised coal gives finely divided residue called Fly Ash Piezoelectric Effect - A body develops an electric current when it is squeezed. - Quartz is most famous piezoelectric crystal (used to make analog wristwatches & clocks) Cultivated Meat - Cultured or cell based meat (made from animal cells) need not kill livestock to produce it. - Uses animal DNA to recreate in a lab the taste and texture of meat Pre Related 1. Tiwa tribe - in Morigaon district of Assam - Celebrate Yangli festival (harvest) 2. Meatball from Woolly Mammoth - Australian startup VOW made meatball in lab from genetic sequence from long extinct woolly mammoth - Woolly mammoth is a symbol of loss traditionally and died of climate change 3. Global Meat industry - 14.5% global emissions of GHGs come from livestock farming - CO2, Methane and Nitrous Oxides are seen from this 4. Rare drugs get customs relief - Earlier, 10% customs duty - Full exemption from basic customs duty for personal use in treating rare disease - Certificate required for individuals to get exemption (from health authorities) - Many like Pembrolizumab (used in cancer treatment) counted Reading Recommendations TH 1. Vaikom, a satyagraha, and the fight for social justice (imp for pre) 2. GPT-4- a shift from 'what it can do' to 'what it augurs' (imp read for SnT Prelims) 3. Issues with quality control orders for fibres (take an idea, pre has such Qs) 4. Piezoelectric effect in liquids (read just gist) PS: appreciate my effort by reacting to this message ❤️

Friends, I have compiled all CSE WHY Flowcharts in one place You can easily revise following with these flowcharts - Jainism - Buddhism - Philosophy schools - Vedants sub schools Link: https://csewhy.substack.com/p/104-cse-why-flowcharts

Pre note: Friends, I'd tone down reading recommendations as prelims near. Spend least possible time on newspaper now. 🚨March 30 2023 | Thursday🚨 Join my high value blog for UPSC CSE aspirants CSEWhy.substack.com 6 policy intervention suggested by World Bank report for healthier economy 1. cut trade costs 2. improve global cooperation 3. capitalise on service exports 4. Incentivise investments into economy 5. boost labour force participation rates (especially for women) 6. ensure fiscal and monetary policies don't run against each other Pre related 1. Thanjavur style of painting - Depicts deities in rich and vivid colors - Coats of shining golden foil used Reading Recommendations IE 1. When two aircraft come too close- and how they are kept safely apart TH 1. India needs public policy education 2. Understanding Russia-Belarus nexus (imp from pre pov too) 3. How to manage India's solar PV waste problem? (V. Imp looking at PYQs) PS: appreciate my effort by reacting to this message ❤️

Pre note: Friends, I'd tone down reading recommendations as prelims near. Spend least possible time on newspaper now. 🚨March 29 2023 | Wednesday🚨 Join my high value blog for UPSC CSE aspirants CSEWhy.substack.com Pre related 1. Bucharest Nine - 2015 estd. in Romanian capital - A club of the Central European countries - Formed post Russian annexation of Crimean peninsula in 2014 - Bulgaria, Czech, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Romania 2. Three Seas Initiative - estd. 2016 - Bucharest Nine + 3 countries (Austria, Croatia & Slovenia) - To consolidate political and economic cooperation (Baltic, Black and Adriatic Sea) 3. Lublin Triangle - estd. 2020 - Poland, Lithuania and Ukraine - To promote political, economic and security cooperation - These three states share history and cultural commonality Reading Recommendations IE 1. The new Warsaw pact 2. In better health 3. Governing for the last citizen (Imp keywords on citizen engagement) TH 1. The need for sector specific safeguards in 'techade' 2. What Muslim personal law say on inheritance (read just gist) PS: appreciate my effort by reacting to this message ❤️

Pre note: Download t-Vidya for free from Point No. 5 of pinned message 🥰 🚨March 28 2023 | Tuesday🚨 Join my high value blog for UPSC CSE aspirants CSEWhy.substack.com Reading Recommendations IE 1. Daylight Saving Time (v. imp concept. learn!) 2. In SC today, disqualification of another MP TH 1. A shared G20 vision for the ocean commons 2. The disqualification conundrum (read to explore 'solutions') PS: appreciate my effort by reacting to this message ❤️