Learn Python Coding

Why in Python it is better to check None using is 🐍 In Python, you should not write obj == None, even if sometimes it works the same ⚠️ The reason is that == calls the comparison method eq, which can be overridden in the class — and then the behavior becomes unpredictable 🎲 For example:

class Weird:
    def eq(self, other):
        return True  # always says "equal"

obj = Weird()

print(obj == None)  # True
print(obj is None)  # False

Here obj == None gives a false result due to custom logic 🤔 Instead: obj is None is checks the identity of the object and cannot be overridden. Since None is a singleton, such a check is always correct and predictable ✅ Conclusion: to check for None always use is None — it is the right and safe approach 🛡️ ✨ Join Best TG Channels https://t.me/addlist/0f6vfFbEMdAwODBk ⭐️ Join Our WhatsApp Channel https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaC7Weq29753hpcggW2A #Python #Programming #Coding #SoftwareDevelopment #TechTips #DevCommunity

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❤️ Architecture Patterns — an informative repository on backend architecture in Python! Here, they excellently demonstrate how to properly separate application logic, work with complex architecture, build a scalable backend, and maintain a codebase in an adequate state as the project grows. Instead of dry theory, the authors gradually build a full-fledged application and show how the architecture evolves as the project grows. I'll leave a link: https://github.com/cosmicpython/book #Python #Backend #Architecture #Coding #DevCommunity #OpenSource ✨ Join Best TG Channels https://t.me/addlist/0f6vfFbEMdAwODBk ⭐️ Join Our WhatsApp Channel https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaC7Weq29753hpcggW2A

Data validation with Pydantic! 🐍✨ In the early stages of development, data validation usually doesn't cause problems. In many Python projects, validation initially looks simple:

if not isinstance(age, int):
    raise ValueError("age must be an int")

But then come email, JSON from APIs, query parameters, nested objects, configs, nullable fields, and type conversion. At some point, the code turns into a set of if/else and manual checks. For such tasks, Pydantic is often used. Installation:

pip install pydantic
pip install "pydantic[email]"

Create a model:

from pydantic import BaseModel

class User(BaseModel):
    name: str
    age: int

Now the data is validated automatically:

user = User(
    name="Alex",
    age="30"
)

print(user.age)
print(type(user.age))

The result: 30 <class 'int'> Pydantic will automatically convert the string "30" to an int. If you pass an incorrect value, you'll get a ValidationError:

User(
    name="Alex",
    age="test"
)

This is especially convenient when working with APIs, JSON, query parameters, and incoming data from outside. A common production case is checking email:

from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr

class User(BaseModel):
    email: EmailStr

User(email="alex@test.com")

If the email is invalid, Pydantic will throw a ValidationError. You can set default values:

from pydantic import BaseModel

class Config(BaseModel):
    host: str = "localhost"
    port: int = 5432

And allow None:

from pydantic import BaseModel

class User(BaseModel):
    nickname: str | None = None

This field becomes optional. A practical example is processing an API response:

from pydantic import BaseModel

class Product(BaseModel):
    id: int
    title: str
    price: float

data = {
    "id": "1",
    "title": "Keyboard",
    "price": "99.5"
}

product = Product(**data)

print(product)

The types will be automatically converted. For nested model structures, you can combine:

from pydantic import BaseModel

class Address(BaseModel):
    city: str
    zip_code: str

class User(BaseModel):
    name: str
    address: Address

user = User(
    name="Alex",
    address={
        "city": "Berlin",
        "zip_code": "10115"
    }
)

print(user)

The nested object will also be validated. Serialization in Pydantic v2:

print(user.model_dump())
print(user.model_dump_json())

Pydantic is actively used in FastAPI, ETL, microservices, data pipelines, and API clients. For working with environment variables in Pydantic v2, a separate package is usually used:

pip install pydantic-settings

It's important to understand: Pydantic is not an ORM and does not replace business logic. Its task is to validate data, convert types, and describe schemas. 🔥 Pydantic significantly reduces the amount of manual data validation and makes processing incoming structures more predictable. #Python #Pydantic #DataValidation #FastAPI #Coding #DevOps ✨ Join Best TG Channels https://t.me/addlist/0f6vfFbEMdAwODBk ⭐️ Join Our WhatsApp Channel https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaC7Weq29753hpcggW2A

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Why is enumerate() used in Python? 🤔 It allows you to simultaneously obtain the value of an element and its index when iterating through a list. 📊 This is more convenient and more readable than manually working with a counter. ✅

for i, item in enumerate(items):
    print(i, item)

#Python #Coding #Programming #Dev #Tech #Code

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"Introduction to Algorithms" 📘 - an outstanding university resource for everyone studying algorithms and computer science. 🎓💻 The book covers computational complexity, data structures, algorithms on graphs, dynamic programming, divide-and-conquer methods, greedy algorithms, randomized algorithms, and many mathematical foundations of modern computer science. 🧮📊🔍 What's particularly valuable here is the combination of mathematical rigor and practical algorithmic thinking. 🧠✨ This is one of those books that greatly change the approach to problem analysis, efficiency, and computing itself. 🚀🛠 An essential tool in the library of any developer and engineer working in the field of computer science. 🏗💾 https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~akroit/math/compsci/Cormen%20Introduction%20to%20Algorithms.pdf 🔗 #Algorithms #ComputerScience #Programming #CSStudent #TechEducation #DevTools

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If you're working with data pipelines, these repositories are very useful: 🚀📊 ibis: A Python API that allows you to write queries once and run them on different data backends, such as DuckDB, BigQuery, and Snowflake. 🐍🔗 https://github.com/ibis-project/ibis pygwalker: Instantly turns a DataFrame into an interactive UI for visual data exploration. 📈🖥️ https://github.com/Kanaries/pygwalker katana: A fast and scalable web crawler, often used for security testing and large-scale data collection/search. 🕷️🔒 https://github.com/projectdiscovery/katana #dataengineering #python #opensource #devtools #dataviz #security

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📂 Reminder about Python map()! map() — a built-in function that applies the specified function to each element of an iterable object (list, tuple, set, etc.). The picture shows the basic syntax, an example of use with lambda, and a typical case — data transformation without a manual for loop. Save it to quickly remember the syntax! 🐍💻🗺️ #Python #Coding #Programming #LearnToCode #DevTips #Tech

"Open Data Structures" is another very useful free resource for anyone studying data structures and algorithms. 📚✨ The book discusses the implementation and analysis of basic structures: array-based lists, linked lists, hash tables, binary trees, red-black trees, heaps, sorting algorithms, graphs, and data structures for working with integers. 🔍🧮 This is a full-fledged open textbook for studying one of the fundamental topics of computer science and a good reference that's worth keeping on hand. 💻🌟 https://opendatastructures.org/ods-python.pdf 📄 👉 @PythonRe #DataStructures #Algorithms #Python #ComputerScience #OpenSource #Learning

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Do you know that Python can shift sequences without slicing and creating new lists? 🤔 When you need to cyclically shift data, many use slicing:

data = data[-1:] + data[:-1]

But deque.rotate() does this at the level of the data structure and usually works more efficiently for cyclical operations. 🚀

q.rotate(1)

A negative value rotates the queue in the other direction. ⬅️

q.rotate(-2)

This is useful for ring buffers, task schedulers, cyclical queues, and round-robin algorithms. 🔄

workers.rotate(-1)

🔥 deque.rotate() allows you to implement cyclical data structures without manual index logic and without creating new lists. 💡 #Python #Programming #Deque #CodingTips #Tech #DevCommunity