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Политическая теория и философия (Political theory and philosophy)

Политическая теория и философия (Political theory and philosophy)

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Книги и статьи по политической теории и философии

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منشورات القناة
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Simon Skempton - Alienation after Derrida Rarticulates the Hegelian-Marxist theory of alienation in the light of Derrida's deconstruction of the metaphysics of presence. Simon Skempton aims to demonstrate in what way Derridian deconstruction can itself be said to be a critique of alienation. In so doing, he argues that the acceptance of Derrida's deconstructive concepts does not necessarily entail the acceptance of his interpretations of Hegel and Marx. In this way the book proposes radical reinterpretations, not only of Hegel and Marx, but of Derridian deconstruction itself. The critique of the notions of alienation and de-alienation is a key component of Derridian deconstruction that has been largely neglected by scholars to date. This important new study puts forward a unique and original argument that Derridian deconstruction can itself provide the basis for a rethinking of the concept of alienation, a concept that has received little serious philosophically engaged attention for several decades.
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3
Robert_K_Merton_Sociology_of_Science_and_Sociology_as_Science.pdf
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Robert K. Merton: Sociology of Science and Sociology as Science Robert K. Merton (1910-2003) was one of the most influential sociologists of the twentieth century, producing clear theories and innovative research that continue to shape multiple disciplines. Merton's reach can be felt in the study of social structure, social psychology, deviance, professions, organizations, culture, and science. Yet for all his fame, Merton is only partially understood. He is treated by scholars as a functional analyst, when in truth his contributions transcend paradigm.Gathering together twelve major sociologists, Craig Calhoun launches a thorough reconsideration of Merton's achievements and inspires a renewed engagement with sociological theory. Merton's work addressed the challenges of integrating research and theory. It connected different fields of empirical research and spoke to the importance of overcoming divisions between allegedly pure and applied sociology. Merton also sought to integrate sociology with the institutional analysis of science, each informing the other. By bringing together different aspects of his work in one volume, Calhoun illuminates the interdisciplinary and unifying dimensions of Merton's approach, while also advancing the intellectual agenda of an increasingly vital area of study. Contributors: Aaron L. Panofsky, Alan Sica, Alejandro Portes, Charles Camic, Charles Tilly, Craig Calhoun, Cynthia Fuchs Epstein, Harriet Zuckerman, Peter Simonson, Ragnvald Kalleberg, Robert J. Sampson, Thomas F. Gieryn, Viviana A. Zelizer
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Испания_в_огне_1931–1939_Революция_и_месть_Франко.fb2
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Пол Престон - Испания в огне. 1931–1939. Революция и месть Франко Глубокое исследование одного из ключевых конфликтов XX века: не столько хроника событий, сколько полная научная «биография войны». Цель автора – объяснить, почему именно Испания 1930-х превратилась в арену классового, идеологического и международного столкновения. Престон показывает, как политические силы – от анархистов до монархистов – боролись за свое видение справедливости, как и почему вмешательство нацистской Германии, фашистской Италии и других стран превратило внутреннюю войну в прелюдию и генеральную репетицию Второй мировой – и предопределило ее формы. Как истребление целых социальных групп стало смыслом и целью этой войны – и как дальновидный Франко, формируя свою модель послевоенной Испании, намеренно уничтожал историческую память проигравших.
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Revolutions of Capitalism.pdf
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Maurizio Lazzarato - Revolutions of Capitalism Framed by brilliant readings of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, Gabriel Tarde, and Mikhail Bakhtin, Maurizio Lazzarato’s Revolutions of Capitalism charts a new theory of contemporary capitalism and the politics against it. Originally published in French in 2004, this newly translated work sees capitalism as driven, not only by labor or value, but by the capture of cooperation and by the taming of possibles. Lazzarato theorizes how contemporary capitalism depends on noo-politics, or the “action of brains at a distance on other brains,” which seeks to control memory and attention and to trap the proliferation of possibles. Against this, Lazzarato reveals how current social movements attack established institutions and their vision of a single possible world to liberate the creation and actualization of a multiplicity of possible worlds.
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Русское_родноверие_Неоязычество_и_национализм_в_современной_России.fb2
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В. Шнирельман - Русское родноверие. Неоязычество и национализм в современной России Книга посвящена истории русского неоязычества от его зарождения до современности. Анализируются его корни, связанные с нарастанием социальной и межэтнической напряженности в СССР в 1970-1980-е гг.; обсуждается реакция на это радикальных русских националистов, нашедшая выражение в научной фантастике; прослеживаются особенности неоязыческих подходов в политической и религиозной сферах; дается характеристика неоязыческой идеологии и показываются ее проявления в политике, религии и искусстве. Рассматриваются портреты лидеров неоязычества и анализируется их путь к нему. Читатель также получит представление о формировании разнообразных неоязыческих общин и их союзов в последние двадцать лет. Дискутируется вопрос о ксенофобии в неоязыческой среде.
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Olúfẹ́mi O. Táíwò - Truth Without Reconciliation Why did Brazil’s democratic institutions hold firm while those in the United States so quickly wilted? One explanation hinges on particular institutional actors. Perhaps Merrick Garland, the former U.S. attorney general, singularly altered the course of history by slow-walking the prosecution against Trump and other conspirators. Another takes a wider angle, alleging that President Biden and the wider Democratic Party’s reluctance to go on offense against the Republicans opened the door for Trump’s later return. On this view, the public memory of January 6 ought to have served not merely as proof of the antidemocratic aims of the right but as a point of orientation for both a legal and a propaganda battle around the legitimacy of the Republican Party and its standard-bearers. What must change, then, is not the discrete decisions of this or that institutional actor but the entire orientation of a political party from “folders” to “fighters.” https://www.bostonreview.net/articles/truth-without-reconciliation/
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12
Claus Offe and the Critical Theory of the Capitalist State.pdf
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Claus Offe and the Critical Theory of the Capitalist State Back in 1972, German political sociologist Claus Offe published a book on the Structural Problems of Late Capitalism which, for almost two decades, inspired and stimulated an international and transdisciplinary debate on the role of the state in contemporary capitalism. An academic debate which, paradoxically, began to wane as the issues about which Offe had been writing became even more prominent: the "Contradictions of the Welfare State" (the title of a collection of Offe’s main contributions to the debate published in English in 1984) and democratic capitalism’s reality of the permanent "crises of crisis management". Since 2008, it has again become a widely shared diagnosis that advanced capitalism is in crisis. However, there is either scholarly disagreement or (more often so) mere perplexity when it comes to understanding this crisis and to explaining the prevalent patterns in dealing with it.In this volume, Jens Borchert and Stephan Lessenichcritically combine a reconstruction Claus Offe’s approach to state theory with an analysis of the current constellation of democratic capitalism based on that same theory. In doing so, they expertly argue that his relational approach to state theory is much better equipped analytically to grasp the contradictory dynamics of the financial crisis and its political regulation than competing contributions. This is why systematically revisiting the theory of "late capitalism" is not only of a historical concern, but constitutes an essential contribution to a political sociology of our time.
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Solomonic_Judgements_Studies_in_the_Limitation_of_Rationality.pdf
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Jon Elster - Solomonic Judgements: Studies in the Limitation of Rationality This volume of essays is very much a sequel to the two earlier collections by Jon Elster, Ulysses and the Sirens and Sour Grapes. His topic is rationality--its scope, its limitations, and its failures. Elster considers rational responses to the insufficiency of reason itself and to the "indeterminacies" in deploying rational choice theory, and discusses the irrationality of not seeing when, where, and what these are. A key essay that gives the collection its title examines disputes in cases of child custody that are paradigmatically indeterminate. Leaving aside cases where one parent is patently unfit and assuming that protracted dispute is against the immediate interests of the child, Elster argues that three options present themselves: a strong presumption in favor of the mother, a strong presumption in favor of the primary caretaker, and tossing a coin. Though the first two options may be preferable in the short term, Elster argues that there is a case for randomization in the long term.
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Rational Choice Theory Resisting Colonisation.pdf
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Rational Choice Theory: Resisting Colonisation Rational Choice Theory is flourishing in sociology and is increasingly influential in other disciplines. Contributors to this volume are convinced that it provides an inadequate conceptualization of all aspects of decision making: of the individuals who make the decisions, of the process by which decisions get made and of the context within which decisions get made. The ciritique focuses on the four assumptions which are the bedrock of rational choice: rationality: the theory's definition of rationality is incomplete, and cannot satisfactorily incorporate norms and emotions individualism: rational choice is based upon atomistic, individual decision makers and cannot account for decisions made by ;couples', 'groups' or other forms of collective action process: the assumption of fixed, well-ordered preferences and 'perfect information' makes the theory inadequate for situations of change and uncertainty aggregation: as methodological individualists, rational choice theorists can only view structure and culture as aggregates and cannot incorporate structural or cultural influences as emergent properties which have an effect upon decision making.
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The_Argentine_silent_majority_middle_classes,_politics,_violence.pdf
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Sebastián Carassai - The Argentine Silent Majority: Middle Classes, Politics, Violence, and Memory in the Seventies In The Argentine Silent Majority, Sebastián Carassai focuses on middle-class culture and politics in Argentina from the end of the 1960s. By considering the memories and ideologies of middle-class Argentines who did not get involved in political struggles, he expands thinking about the era to the larger society that activists and direct victims of state terror were part of and claimed to represent. Carassai conducted interviews with 200 people, mostly middle-class non-activists, but also journalists, politicians, scholars, and artists who were politically active during the 1970s. To account for local differences, he interviewed people from three sites: Buenos Aires; Tucumán, a provincial capital rocked by political turbulence; and Correa, a small town which did not experience great upheaval. He showed the middle-class non-activists a documentary featuring images and audio of popular culture and events from the 1970s. In the end Carassai concludes that, during the years of la violencia, members of the middle-class silent majority at times found themselves in agreement with radical sectors as they too opposed military authoritarianism but they never embraced a revolutionary program such as that put forward by the guerrilla groups or the most militant sectors of the labor movement.
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Austerity 12 Myths Exposed.pdf
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