APTI PLUS Academy For Civil Services

Behaviour: Major studies conducted by researchers like Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, and Birutė Galdikas have shed light on the behaviour of the three well-known "great apes". These studies have revealed significant variations in social structure among non-human hominoids in their natural habitats. Gibbons exhibit monogamous, territorial pair-bonding behaviour, orangutans are solitary, gorillas live in small troops led by a single adult male, and chimpanzees reside in larger troops, with bonobos displaying promiscuous sexual behaviour. Additionally, their diets vary, with gorillas primarily folivorous, while the others are primarily frugivorous, although chimpanzees also hunt for meat. Foraging behaviour varies accordingly. In November 2023, scientists reported the first evidence that groups of primates, including apes, particularly bonobos, are capable of cooperating with each other. Diet: With the exception of humans and gorillas, apes primarily consume a frugivorous diet, consisting mostly of fruit supplemented with various other foods. Gorillas, on the other hand, are predominantly folivorous, consuming mainly stalks, shoots, roots, and leaves, with some fruit and other foods. Non-human apes occasionally consume small amounts of raw animal foods such as insects or eggs. Human diets have evolved to include a wider variety of foods and cooking methods, including large amounts of cooked tubers or legumes. Other food production and processing methods, such as animal husbandry and industrial refining, have further diversified human diets. Humans and other apes may also occasionally consume other primates, some of which are now endangered due to habitat loss.

Statement 1 is correct. These are a pod containing seeds. They should therefore be classified as a fruit but are eaten as a vegetable. Statement 2 is correct. Just like peas, they belong to the legume family and are seeds that come in pods. Therefore, they are another example of a fruit that is eaten as a vegetable. Statement 3 is correct. This is another highly mistaken plant. Farmers treat it like a grain like wheat while consumers consider it a vegetable while cooking. Technically it is a fruit since it originates from a plant’s seed.

How many of the following statements is/are correct in reference to apes? 1. Gibbons are solitary whereas gorillas live in small troops. 2. Most of the Apes primarily consume a frugivorous diet. 3. Gorillas are predominantly folivorous.

Consider the following: 1. Green beans. 2. Chickpeas. 3. Corn. How many of them are considered as vegetables but they are technically fruits?

Hydrophilic polymeric networks that are capable of imbibing huge volumes of water and undergoing swelling and shrinkage suitably to facilitate controlled drug-release are called hydrogels. Their porosity and compatibility with aqueous environments make them highly attractive bio-compatible drug delivery vehicles. Hence, statement 1 is correct. The idea of cooling using hydrogels is simple: a heat sink is coated with 0.5-1-millimeter-thick hydrogel layer. Used commonly in laptops and CPUs, heat sinks are metallic structures with fins and ridges to increase their surface area for more efficient heat transfer. The hydrogel coating absorbs moisture from the air and swells up when a processor is not running full tilt. During peak hours, when the processor heats up, the water evaporates and cools the electronics.Hence, statement 2 is correct. Hydrogels have received extensive attention as functional lubricants because of their excellent anti-friction and anti-wear properties, tunable tribological performances, and effectiveness in alleviating lubrication failures caused by the creeping or leakage of conventional liquid lubricants owing to their semi-solid nature.Hence, statement 3 is correct.

None of the aircraft listed—Rafale, MiG-29, and Tejas MK-1—are considered fifth-generation fighter aircraft. Explanation: 1. Rafale – It is a 4.5-generation multirole fighter aircraft developed by Dassault Aviation (France). It incorporates advanced avionics, stealth features, and supercruise capability but lacks full stealth technology, which is a key characteristic of fifth-generation fighters. 2. MiG-29 – It is a fourth-generation fighter aircraft developed by Russia. It lacks stealth technology, sensor fusion, and advanced avionics seen in fifth-generation jets. 3. Tejas MK-1 – It is an indigenously developed fourth-generation fighter by India (HAL). While it has modern avionics and composite materials, it does not possess the stealth and sensor fusion capabilities of fifth-generation fighters. Conclusion: Since none of the listed aircraft meet the criteria for fifth-generation fighters (such as stealth, advanced sensor fusion, and AI-assisted avionics), the correct answer is: 0 (None of the above).

In which of the following are hydrogels used? 1. Controlled drug delivery in patients 2. Mobile air-conditioning systems 3. Preparation of industrial lubricants Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Consider the following aircraft: 1. Rafael 2. MiG-29 3. Tejas MK-1 How many of the above are considered fifth-generation fighter aircraft?