MedPharm || طبصيدلة

For evaluation of therapeutic outcomes in patient treated for prostate cancer, many parameters can be used for monitoring response to therapy. Which one of the following markers can be used for monitoring response to therapy?

Prostate cancer

44-year-old premenopausal woman was diagnosed with HER2 amplified metastatic breast cancer 7 months ago. She was being treated with the combination of trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and docetaxel when new metastasis was found in the liver which has resulted in decreased appetite, weight loss, and significant nausea. Her (ECOG) performance status is 2 and is disease related. Second-line therapy for her disease should be: A. Trastuzumab + pertuzumab + an anthracycline B. Trastuzumab + pertuzumab + bevacizumab C. Lapatinib + capecitabine D. Trastuzumab - emtansine E. Trastuzumab emtansine + paclitaxel

Treatment of elderly patients with breast cancer can, at times, be a difficult. For example, a 74-year-old grandmother is diagnosed with stage 2, luminal A breast cancer. Except for mild hypertension, severe osteoporosis and a surgically repaired hip the woman is otherwise quite active. Following surgical mastectomy, the most appropriate systemic adjuvant therapy is: A. Tamoxifen for at least 5 years B. One of the Als for at least 5 years C. Fulvestrant for at least 5 years D. LHRH agonist E. Paclitaxel for four cycles

A 43-year-old woman was diagnosed with stage 2, HER2 overexpressing breast cancer 28 months go. She completed six cycles of adjuvant doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide and 12 months of trastuzumab. Follow-up imaging studies indicated two new liver lesions. Results of the liver biopsy indicated recurrent breast cancer. The patient performance status is very good. The most appropriate strategy at this time is: A-Best supportive care only B-Resume trastuzumab monotherapy C-trastuzumab for six cycles D-Doxorubicin +cyclophosphamide +Lapatinib + pertuzumab E-Trastuzumab + pertuzumab +docetaxel

A 37-year-old woman has a large fungating mass on her left breast. Although infection is part of the differential diagnosis, tissue biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of inflammatory breast cancer. Additional studies indicated the tumor to be ER negative, PR weakly positive and HER2 negative with no evidence of metastasis. The surgical oncologist felt that breast conserving surgery was possible depending of the response to neoadjuvant therapy. The best tumor response is likely to be achieved with: A. Whole breast irradiation B. Tamoxifen C. LHRH agonist D. Doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel E. Doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide followed by tamoxifen

Surgical castration is a treatment option for ER-positive metastatic and early breast cancers. When performed in the adjuvant setting, bilateral oophorectomy is likely to be associated with: A. Complete estrogen deprivation in postmenopausal women B. Inducing endometrial cancer in a small but significant number of premenopausal women C. Decreasing the incidence of contralateral breast cancer in premenopausal women D. Decreasing the incidence of skeletal-related events in postmenopausal women E. Reducing the risk for cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, and anxiety symptoms in premenopausal women

36-year-old woman is diagnosed with stage 2, intrinsic subtype HER2-amplified (by FISH) breast cancer. Rational management of the disease in this patient could include: A. Pertuzumab + trastuzumab + docetaxel as first-line therapy B. Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide with concurrent trastuzumab as systemic adjuvant therapy for four cycles; followed by trastuzumab alone to complete 1 year C. Lapatanib + trastuzumab as systemic adjuvant therapy D. Docetaxel + carboplatin + concurrent trastuzumab as systemic adjuvant therapy for four cycles; followed by trastuzumab alone to complete 1 year E. Doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide followed by 5 years of tamoxifen