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Statista — Daily Infographics, Studies & Reports

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Asia's Richest Billionaires According to Forbes’ Real-Time Billionaires List, as of April 2, Mukesh Ambani (66) is the richest man in Asia, with a net worth of $116.1 billion. Ambani is the chairman of Reliance Industries Limited, a conglomerate that focuses not only on petrochemicals, but also textiles and telecommunications. He ranks 11th on Forbes’ worldwide list, which is headed by Bernard Arnault & family (LVMH) with $221.8 billion, Jeff Bezos (Amazon) with $197.5 billion and Elon Musk (Tesla, SpaceX, X formerly Twitter) with $189.0 billion. In second place - and some 32.8 billion dollars behind - comes 61-year-old Gautam Adani who is the chairperson of the Adani Group, a conglomerate that deals with businesses exporting and importing raw materials and finished goods, including coal trading, mining, oil and gas exploration, as well as ports, energy and agricultural commodities. He is succeeded by Zhong Shanshan (69), with a net worth of $64.5 billion. Shanshan is the founder of beverages company Nongfu Spring as well as the founder of Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise, a private Chinese company and major supplier of Covid-19 testing kits. Rounding off the top ten comes Savitri Jindal (74), the widow of Om Prakash Jindal who founded the Jindal Group in India, whose interests lay in steel, power, cement and infrastructure, with an estimated net worth of $34.8 billion, followed by Shiv Nadar (78), founder and chairman of the IT enterprise HCL Technologies, with $34.5 billion. The top ten richest people in Asia have a total net worth of $542.1 billion. Source: Statista
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The Rising Prevalence of Autism According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the prevalence of autism among U.S. children has risen significantly in recent years. While 6.7 in 1,000 children were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in 2000, that number had risen to 27.6 in 1,000 children by 2020. This means that currently 1 in 36 children in the U.S. get diagnosed with ASD, up from 1 in 150 children 20 years ago. The reasons for this increase in prevalence are not fully understood and likely complex. Some possible factors that have been proposed include better awareness and screening for autism, changes in diagnostic criteria and environmental or genetic factors. Regardless of the reasons, this rise in the number of children with autism highlights the importance of early identification and intervention to help children with ASD reach their full potential. In recent years, major progress has been made in increasing awareness and acceptance of autism. Thanks to that progress, many people are now aware that autism spectrum disorders are a very diverse group of conditions, that go far beyond the often-stereotypical depictions of autism in film and television. According to the World Health Organization, autism spectrum disorders are “characterized by some degree of difficulty with social interaction and communication. Other characteristics are atypical patterns of activities and behaviours, such as difficulty with transition from one activity to another, a focus on details and unusual reactions to sensations.” Source: Statista
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Where People See a Terrorism Threat After repeated warnings about potential attacks emanating from the IS in Afghanistan, a deadly shooting and fire at a Moscow concert hall was claimed by the terror group's affiliate in the country's Khorasan province. Vladimir Putin, who initially tried to direct suspicion towards Ukraine, is now also convinced of this. As a result of the general threat, the highest security level has now been declared in France. And it's not just the government that considers the topic particularly relevant, as data from Statista Consumer Insights shows. According to the survey, 31 percent of people in France recently believed that terrorism was one of the country's greatest challenges. A year earlier this had been even higher at 40 percent. Swedes, Indians and Americans are also among the most worried. In comparison, Germans are less concerned despite the government announcing that the country is also facing an acute threat. Only 16 percent said in the year 2023 that they saw a big challenge lately. A low threat level is seen by respondents in Canada, Japan and China. Source: Statista
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The Most Impersonated Brands in Email Scams We all know the emails: “Dear user, please click the following link to update your credentials. Otherwise your Office 365 account will be disabled.” "Please sign the attached document" or "Please review your payment information." And while many of those emails look legitimate at first glance, it’s always worth taking a closer look, because more often than not emails like the above are phishing attempts. Millions of people fall for these kinds of phishing attempts, especially people who haven’t grown up using the internet. Phishing is among the most common cyber attacks, targeting both individuals and companies. The consequences of successful phishing attacks can be severe, ranging from loss of confidential information or intellectual property to breach of customer data or ransomware infection. Any of those outcomes can result in financial and reputational damages, which is why any organization should train its employees on the constantly evolving threat landscape. In recent years, phishing mails have become a lot more sophisticated and some of them are really hard to distinguish from legitimate mails. In many cases, such attacks involve the attacker imitating a well-known company/brand - a practice commonly known as “brand phishing” - in order to exploit the trust and familiarity that users have with certain brands. According to Proofpoint's 2024 State of the Phish report, Microsoft was the most abused brand in 2023, appearing in 68 million malicious messages, with Office 365 alone appearing in 20 million malicious mails. Other often exploited brands include Adobe, DHL and Google, albeit none of them comes close to the volume of fraudulent messages sent in the name of Microsoft. Source: Statista
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The World’s Richest People in 2024 Bernard Arnault (75) has been named the world’s richest man of 2024 with an estimated fortune of $226.2 billion, according to Forbes’ 38th annual billionaires list, released Tuesday. Arnault is the head of the luxury goods giant LVMH, which includes the likes of Louis Vuitton and Dior, and the first Frenchman to top the world ranking after having moved up from third place in 2022. Next in line, comes Jeff Bezos (60), the founder of e-commerce giant Amazon, who has racked up some $198.4 billion worth of wealth. Bezos stepped down from his role as CEO of Amazon in 2021 to become an executive chairman. He is followed in third place by Elon Musk, who has $195.3 billion in wealth. Through March 2024, Musk and Bezos have been fluctuating between second and third place due to changing stock prices for Amazon and Tesla. Musk (52) has co-founded multiple companies, from the electric car manufacturer Tesla to the rocket maker SpaceX and also owns X (formerly Twitter). Mark Zuckerberg (39) of Meta, Larry Ellison (79) of Oracle, Warren Buffett (93) of Berkshire Hathaway, Bill Gates (68) of Microsoft and Larry Page of Google (51) complete the top eight roundup of most wealthy people in the world. In ninth and tenth place comes Steve Ballmer (68), the former CEO of Microsoft, and Sergey Brin (50), the co-founder of Google. This chart is based on Forbes' calculations using net worths based on stock prices and exchange rates from April 1, 2024. Source: Statista
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Which Countries Have Been Female-Led? The appointment of Judith Suminwa Tuluka as prime minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo was announced Monday. The former minister is the first woman who was made head of government in the country and the 17th female head of government or state on the African continent. The Democratic Republic of the Congo is governed under a semi-presidential system where an elected president and an appointed prime minister share executive powers, similar to the systems of France and Russia. As seen in data by the Council on Foreign Relations, Europe is generally the region with the highest concentration of female-led and repeatedly female-led nations. All the countries which have had three or more female leaders (with the exceptions of Trinidad and Tobago, New Zealand and India) are located there. The one which has had the most females at the helm is Switzerland. The country counts five former female presidents of the Swiss Confederation, but has an advantage because the presidents' terms are limited to one year. Finland follows with four female prime ministers or presidents, including Sanna Marin, who was premier from 2019 to 2023. Iceland has counted three female leaders. One of them, Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, was the world's first female elected president. She stayed in office for 16 years from 1980 to 1996. The source counts women who have served as heads of government, heads of state or a combination of the two, except when the position was temporary, purely honorary or was filled by a monarch or appointed by one. Source: Statista
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Chinese Car Exports Continue to Soar as EV Share Grows Chinese EVs continuing to make inroads around the world is reflected in the country's car export figures which have been soaring post-pandemic. The export of cars from China increased from around 1 million to 2 million between 2020 and 2021 to much media attention and has since continued to climb even more dramatically. In 2023, it reached almost 5 million, according to data from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers. According to official numbers, China shipped more cars abroad than Germany in 2022, becoming the second-biggest exporter, and more than Japan in 2023. Customs data, however, showed China still behind Japan at 5.2 million and 6.0 million cars leaving the respective countries in 2023. Yet, it seems clear that it is just a matter of time before China will become the biggest exporter of the world's fourth most valuable export good. While most news about Chinese cars in Europe and North America focus on the nation's electric vehicles, they are far from the biggest export as China continues to ship a large number of conventional cars to Asia, the Middle East and Africa. EV sales to Europe have been surging most, however, and the share of EVs in China's car exports has been up to 25 percent from 15 percent just two years ago. As EVs sales have been slowing in China, carmakers are making bigger pushes to export that are felt overseas. Source: Statista
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Lack of Solidarity Within NATO? Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is making several countries in Europe reassess their military defenses. Several members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) have even said that they will be increasing their numbers of conscripted soldiers, the latest of which were Denmark (announced 13 March, 2024) and Norway (announced Tuesday). But what are the sentiments of people living in NATO states on the topic? Data from a NATO survey shows that while support is high when it comes to the question of relying on allies to come to their country’s aid, respondents were less sure of helping others to defend themselves. For example, where 70 percent of respondents in the United States were of the opinion that the country should be defended by its allies in the event of an attack, 60 percent said that they thought that the country should answer the call of their allies. As the following chart shows, out of the member states selected for this chart, a lack of solidarity is particularly evident in southeastern Europe. In Greece, Hungary, Bulgaria and Montenegro, less than half of those surveyed agree that their home country should defend others, while 58 to 71 percent of survey participants want to be protected. Iceland has the biggest gap between the two questions: 78 percent think NATO should defend the island state, while only 47 percent support their backing of others. In the survey, Norwegians showed the strongest leaning towards solidarity. Source: Statista
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The World's Deadliest Behavioral Risk Factors "Smoking kills" is but one of the slogans connected to anti-tobacco advocacy groups — and it's quite true. When looking at behavioral risks, meaning types of risk that can largely be avoided, especially in highly industrialized nations, smoking cigarettes, cigars and other tobacco products is connected to a variety of diseases responsible for 7.7 million deaths worldwide. As our chart with data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington shows, no other behavioral risk factor comes close to the disease burden of smoking. Coming in second on a global level as well as in terms of risk-factor-associated deaths in the United States in 2019 is alcohol use with an estimated 2.4 million global and 137,000 U.S. deaths in 2019. Roughly 57 and 30 percent of global deaths associated with risk factors and connected to substance abuse and digestive diseases, respectively, can be traced back to alcohol use. While a high-sodium diet is connected to almost two million deaths on a global scale and therefore ranks third worldwide, the United States have a different problem: drug abuse. In 2019, around 105,000 people were estimated to have died from diseases connected to drug use, which constitutes a four-percent share of the overall deaths connected to behavioral risks in the country. This is especially striking compared to the same metric globally, where the share of deaths barely reaches one percent. The total number of deaths from risk factors in the United States amounted to 1.8 million, while the global number stood at 35 million. Source: Statista
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Where People Are Satisfied With Their Health This Sunday marks World Health Day and the 75th anniversary of the World Health Organization. The theme this year is: "My health, my right" and was chosen by the WHO to "champion the right of everyone, everywhere to have access to quality health services, education, and information, as well as safe drinking water, clean air, good nutrition, quality housing, decent working and environmental conditions, and freedom from discrimination." With this in mind, we’re looking at data to find out: how satisfied are we with our health? According to the Statista Consumer Insights macro-survey, respondents in Nigeria were particularly likely to say that they are satisfied or very satisfied with their general state of health in the last twelve months (85 percent). By contrast, respondents in South Korea responded more negatively, with only 36 percent answering that they are satisfied or very satisfied with their health. It’s worth noting here that this data does not necessarily mean that the inhabitants of South Korea are in worse health than those of Nigeria, for example, but that perceptions of health may differ. This survey does not offer a look at the level of health of the population, but a glimpse of how people in different countries perceive their general state of health. Source: Statista
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America's Favorite Beers As Americans celebrate National Beer Day on April 7 – the anniversary of the Cullen-Harrison Act, which marked the end of Prohibition in the United States – what better way to honor this historic day than by delving deeper into the minds of U.S. beer lovers and finding out what their favorite brews are? According to Statista Consumer Insights, Americans’ favorite beer brand is actually Mexican. As our chart shows, Corona, exclusively imported, distributed and marketed by Constellation Brands in the U.S., narrowly beats Bud Light and Budweiser – the American, not the Czech one – in terms of popularity and recent consumption. Dutch Heineken, a true global player in terms of beer, ranks fourth ahead of Blue Moon, a Belgian-style witbier brewed by Molson Coors in Colorado.This chart ranks America's most popular beer brands in terms of popularity and recent consumption. Source: Statista
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How Widespread Is Underage Drinking? Alcohol abuse is a behavioral risk factor connected to 2.4 million deaths in 2019, according to the latest Global Burden of Disease study from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation of the University of Washington. While consuming large quantities of alcohol over a long period might not necessarily lead to a shortened lifespan, it hampers cognitive and motor function in its consumers. Multiple studies suggest that it also prevents proper brain development when abused by adolescents and young adults since the brain is among the last organs of the body to mature. Nevertheless, alcohol use and even heavy and binge drinking are especially common among U.S. residents aged 21 to 25, as the most recent National Survey on Drug Use and Health shows. The Statista chart based on the results of this study shows that the share of respondents using alcohol or participating in binge and heavy drinking in the last month from when they were surveyed is significantly higher for adults between 21 and 25 than for those aged 26 or older. 61 percent of young adults consumed alcohol, while almost ten percent drank four to five drinks in a short timespan every day for at least five days in a row. The sudden spike between the age cohorts of 18 to 20 and 21 to 25 can be explained by the United States' legal drinking age being set at 21. What's harder to explain is that three percent of the respondents aged 12 to 17 participate in binge alcohol use. Source: Statista
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Solar Eclipses to Hit Major U.S. Metros Within the Century A solar eclipse is happening in the United States on Monday. The moon will fully obscure the sun in a band that crosses Mexico, 15 states and a small part of Eastern Canada including Montreal and Toronto. The biggest metro that falls within the area for this solar eclipse is Dallas, where the event will begin at 12.23 p.m. but might be hampered by bad weather forecast for the day. The eclipse area will then move across Arkansas, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, upstate New York and parts of New England. In 2017, a solar eclipse had been visible in a small band between Oregon and South Carolina, passing over Kansas City, St. Louis, Nashville and Charleston. According to reports, accommodation across the band has been booked solid for the upcoming Monday as many people are willing to travel to experience the event that for many happens only once in a lifetime. Within this century, however, full solar eclipses will pass over more major U.S. metros. After solar eclipses that will be visible in Northern Alaska in 2033 as well as Montana and North Dakota in 2044, the next major eclipse in the United States is coming up in 2045, hitting the Miami metro and other major Florida cities as well as Northern California, most of Colorado, Oklahoma City and once again, Arkansas. Source: Statista
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Lab-Grown Meat Isn’t for Everyone Would you eat laboratory-grown meat? This question, posed recently to respondents of Statista's Consumer Insights survey, seems to divide opinions. Laboratory-grown meat, also known as cultivated or cultured meat, is produced from animal cells, often taken by biopsy. These are then placed in a “nutrient bath” in order to develop meat outside the animal. In theory, cultured meat could offer an option to those concerned about animal welfare, or the meat industry's impact on our planet, as its production requires neither the breeding nor the slaughter of living animals. However, as this infographic shows, the idea of eating laboratory-grown meat is still not that convincing to a majority of people. While one in five people surveyed in India said they would be willing to try this new type of food, only 9 percent of respondents in France said the same. In the United States, which is one of only two countries where this meat is currently marketed (alongside Singapore), 16 percent of respondents said they were open to the idea of eating it. It is unlikely though that cellular meat will soon find its way onto European plates, as no authorization application has yet been filed for the bloc’s market. Source: Statista
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Which OECD Countries Allow Donations to Political Parties? Less than half of OECD countries ban anonymous donations for political financing, according to data published in the Anti-Corruption and Integrity Outlook 2024 released by the OECD. The report argues that this leaves these countries “exposed to undue influence.” The following chart shows which countries have enforced regulations on the complete ban of financial contributions from anonymous donations, publicly owned enterprises and foreign states and foreign enterprises. According to the report, the problem with foreign donations is that they can “unduly influence candidates and political parties and lead to overrepresentation of foreign actors’ interests in public institutions rather than the domestic public interest.” For this reason, the OECD recommends the transparency and traceability of funds. Meanwhile, donations from publicly owned enterprises or state-owned enterprises can “blur the line between public and private and distort governance framework agreements between state-owned enterprises and the state”, including the “improper diversion of public funds” and risk of the idea that donations are given in exchange for “political allegiance”. Anonymous donations run the risk of the aforementioned donors circumnavigating rules. As the following chart shows, bans on contributions to political parties from foreign states or enterprises are common for most OECD countries. Only Greece, Australia, Denmark and Sweden do not have this rule. Meanwhile, Switzerland, Ireland, the Netherlands, Australia, Denmark and Sweden stand out for not having a ban on funding from publicly owned enterprises. Source: Statista
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Let the Good Times Roll While the ultimate key to happiness has yet to be found, there are many different things that make people happy. While some find happiness and fulfillment in their job, others find it their hobbies or in the personal relationships they forge over a lifetime. For some, the key to happiness is as simple as "having a good time", which survey results from Statista Consumer Insights illustrates. According to the survey conducted internationally in 2023, Japanese people are particularly keen on enjoying themselves, as 77 percent of respondents consider "having a good time" one of the three most important aspects in life. As the following chart shows, results vary greatly across countries ranging from 22 percent in Brazil to 28 percent in the United States and 47 percent of respondents in France. As Louis Jordan famously said in his 1946 classic: "Hey everybody. Let's have some fun. You only live but once. And when you're dead, you're done. So let the good times roll. Let the good times roll. Source: Statista
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Japan Is the Largest Foreign Holder of U.S. Treasuries The Bank of Japan’s decade-long fight against deflation and economic stagnation has resulted in near-zero returns at home, forcing Japanese investors to move their money abroad, often to the United States. In fact, Japan is by far the largest foreign owner of U.S. treasury securities, with Japanese banks, pension funds, insurance companies etc. holding a total of $1.138 trillion at the end of 2023. Despite the BOJ’s pivotal decision to abandon its long-standing yield curve control and negative interest rate, experts don’t expect an immediate shift in the trillions of dollars that Japanese investors have parked in international bond markets. The BOJ confirmed on Tuesday that it will proceed very cautiously, saying that it expects to maintain “accommodative financial conditions” for the time being. This will likely result in the yield of Japanese government bonds remaining far below the yields that investors can get abroad. On Tuesday, the yield of Japanese 10-year government bonds stood at 0.73 percent, which is a far cry from the near-zero yields of the past few years, but still considerably lower than the 4.3 percent yield of 10-year U.S. treasury bonds. Source: Statista
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Sexual Exploitation Drives Forced Labor Profits Forced labor is estimated to generate illegal profits summing to $236 billion in 2024 alone, with exploiters making at average of $9,995 per victim. This is according to a new report by the International Labor Organization (ILO), released Tuesday. This profit represents the wages that “rightfully belong in the pockets of workers that instead remain in the hands of their exploiters as a result of their coercive practices.” It is even a low estimate, since the ILO does not include further illegal profits made through means such as recruitment fees or the money from avoided taxes. Forced labor is here defined as “work that is both involuntary and under penalty or menace of coercion”. As the following chart shows, sexual exploitation is the biggest driver of forced labor profits, accounting for some $172.6 billion worldwide in 2024. This breaks down to a significant amount in all regions, at $58.6 billion in Europe and Central Asia, $48.4 billion in Asia and the Pacific, $34.9 billion in the Americas, $16.1 billion in Africa and $14.6 billion in the Arab States. Despite making up nearly three quarters (73 percent) of the total illegal profits from forced labor, sexual exploitation accounts for only 27 percent of all people in privately imposed forced labor (i.e. not including state-imposed forced labor). Some of the other major areas for illegal forced labor are industry (including mines and quarrying, manufacturing, construction and utilities), the services sector (including but not limited to wholesale and trade, accommodation and food service activities, transport and storage), the agriculture sector (forestry, hunting, cultivation of crops, livestock production and fishing) and domestic work (in third party households). According to the ILO’s calculations, illegal profits for forced labor have increased by some $64 billion since 2014 worldwide. Source: Statista
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27.6 Million People Are Currently in Forced Labor 27.6 million people were living under the conditions of forced labor around the world on any given day in 2021, according to data published in a report on Tuesday by the International Labor Organization (ILO). This equates to roughly 3.5 people for every 1,000 people worldwide and is an 11 percent increase since 2016, when there were 24.9 million people living in forced labor (3.4 people per 1,000 population). The vast majority of these are thought to have been in privately-imposed forced labor (23.6 million in 2021), rather than state-imposed forced labor (3.9 million in 2021). The report, titled 'Profits and poverty: The economics of forced labor', reveals the extent to which forced labor is a global issue. At 15.1 million, Asia and the Pacific had by far the highest number of people living in forced labor in 2021, accounting for more than half of the global total. Europe and Central Asia was the region with the second biggest absolute number at 4.1 million people, followed by Africa with 3.8 million, the Americas with 3.6 million and the Arab States with 900,000 people living under these conditions. When looking at prevalence, a different order emerges: the Arab States were the worst offending group of countries that year (5.3 people in forced labor per 1,000 population), followed by Europe and Central Asia (4.4 people per 1,000 population), Asia and the Pacific (3.5 people per 1,000 population), the Americas (3.5 people per 1,000 population) and Africa (2.9 people per 1,000 population). Read more on the topic with the economic scale of illegal forced labor profits. Source: Statista
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Trust in Boeing Plummets After Safety Incidents Boeing’s problems are snowballing: After a panel blowout at the start of the year, the aircraft manufacturer has experienced a trail of safety issues, including loose bolts, an engine fire, a tyre falling off one of their jets and a technical problem which led to a sudden loss of altitude midair and injured at least 50 passengers. In the same week as several of the incidents, Boeing whistleblower, John Barnett, 62, who had been in the process of giving evidence in a lawsuit against the company, was found dead from a “self-inflicted” wound in a South Carolina car park, according to the Charleston County coroner's office. Against a backdrop of questions over what’s going on with Boeing, Morning Consult carried out a survey on how public trust in the aircraft giant has changed with the new developments. It found that between Q4 of last year and January 1-February 28 of 2024, net trust had dipped among respondents by 14 percentage points. Net trust is defined as the share of respondents who trust a brand minus the share who distrust a brand. As the following chart shows, the biggest change was among business travelers, with a 26 percentage point difference between the two survey waves. According to the online polling company, this is partly due to business flyers having historically had more trust in Boeing than other groups, which means there was more room to fall. Nicki Zink, an analyst at Morning Consult, adds that while Boeing’s reputation has dipped, this has not spread to the wider airline industry and that net trust in airlines has even seen an uptick as the spring break season approaches. Source: Statista
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Russia Diverts Oil Exports to India and China Data from the International Energy Agency (IEA) reveals that the European Union’s embargo on the purchase, import and transfer of Russian crude oil at the end of 2022 has had almost no impact on the total volume of Russian oil exports. As the following chart shows, this is due to a number of other countries filling in the vacuum, largely driven by China and India, which increased their imports by 21 percent and 111 percent, respectively. Turkey, as well as a number of countries in both Africa and the Middle East, also imported more Russian oil. Last year, EU member states imposed sanctions on Russia’s energy sector in response to the war in Ukraine. While this included an embargo on oil, a number of EU states that are particularly dependent on Russia's supplies were exempt from the ban, explaining why Russian oil was still being exported to the EU in 2023. Source: Statista
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The State Of Gender Equality Across The EU Europe still has a long way to go to achieve full equality for women. This is according to the Gender Equality Index 2023 of the European Institute for Gender Equality. The index is based on the performance of EU countries in six categories: work, money, education, time, power and health. Factors such as violence against women are also included. Sweden tops the gender equality ranking, ahead of the Netherlands and Denmark. The index value for the entire EU shows how slowly the development is progressing. Whereas in the 2015 Gender Equality Index it was 64.4 points, eight reports later it is just 5.8 points higher. Source: Statista
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Prison Overcrowding in Latin America Gang leaders are demanding Haiti’s Prime Minister Ariel Henry step down from office, following a coordinated jailbreak of two prisons at the weekend which saw more than 3,800 inmates escape. The government called a 72-hour state of emergency and a night curfew on Sunday. According to AP, gangs have attacked government infrastructure including police stations and the main airport. At least nine people are reported killed. It has now been seven years since Haiti held an election. Henry was meant to hand over power to the next elected officials on February 7, but said he would postpone the deadline for new elections until security in the country was restored. Henry traveled to Kenya last week to seek support from a proposed UN-backed security mission and is reported to still be out of the country. Data from the World Prison Brief shows that Haiti's prisons are currently the most overcrowded of the Latin America region, running at an occupancy level of four and a half times its official capacity (454 percent). This issue is not restricted to the island nation alone, however. Four other countries on the continent have a prison population more than twice the capacity of their prisons: Peru (229 percent occupancy), El Salvador (237 percent), Bolivia (264 percent), Guatemala (293 percent). Source: Statista
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Where The EU Exports Its Waste The European Union exported 32.1 million tonnes of waste to non-EU countries in 2022, according to Eurostat. This is a slight decline from the 33.0 million tonnes of waste exports to these countries in 2021. Turkey was the primary destination country for EU waste that year with some 12.4 million tonnes sent there, accounting to 39 percent of the total exports of waste.India received the second highest quantity of EU waste that year, receiving some 3.5 million tonnes in total. It was followed by the United Kingdom and Switzerland, with 2.0 and 1.6 million tonnes, respectively.This chart shows the main destinations for waste from the European Union in 2021. Source: Statista
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The Most Used Energy Sources in Europe Much of Europe has set itself the goal of switching away from heavily polluting fossil fuels and towards renewable energy sources. Our chart shows a snapshot of the energy landscape in Europe right now, using data from the Statistical Review of World Energy 2023. It reveals that while there’s some variation in energy types across the bloc, fossil fuels still make up the lion’s share of the energy sources the continent is most reliant on. Sweden and Norway are exceptions to the rule, standing out for their hydroelectric power usage, while Finland is nearly tied between oil and renewables consumption (0.33 and 0.32, respectively). The 2022 map looks pretty different from the previous iteration. For example, France’s biggest source for energy consumption had been nuclear in 2021 rather than oil. According to Eurostat, France saw a drop in nuclear energy due to reactor maintenance and repairs. What this map fails to show, however, is that even with the decline, nuclear still made up around a third (31.6 percent) of the country’s energy mix in 2022, and was only just behind oil (34.7 percent). The other notable difference is the shift away from natural gas as the biggest energy source in several countries, even if it still came in second position in many cases. This follows Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the subsequent rush in Europe to reduce dependency on Russian gas and to diversify energy sources. Source: Statista
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Obesity Rates Around the World In most OECD countries that collect self-reported weight data, more than half of adults were overweight or obese and nearly one in five were obese in 2021 (latest available data). Obesity prevalence was particularly high in the United States, with just over a third of respondents saying that they are obese. In Chile and the United Kingdom rates were just above one in four, while Korea had the lowest share of people with obesity of the countries studied at just 4.3 percent. Men were more likely to be overweight or obese in all countries studied, with a difference of 19-20 percentage points between Germany, Luxembourg and the Czech Republic. According to the World Health Organization, a body mass index (BMI) of over 25 is considered overweight, and over 30 obese. Obesity is linked to a range of health issues such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and several common cancers. Although awareness is increasing around the topic, obesity is still often misunderstood due to misconceptions of it being solely due to poor lifestyle choices, whereas factors such as genetic predisposition and environmental influences are also important. Source: Statista
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The Countries Shutting Down the Internet the Most In many countries, the drastic step of shutting down the internet is employed in response to actual or potential unrest. Shutdowns generally occur when someone (usually a government) intentionally disrupts the internet or social media networks. The measure has been widely criticized as too drastic a curbing of freedom of expression and an encroachment of peoples' everyday lives especially if it is done to shut down dissent. Egypt's 2011 revolution and the failed Turkish military coup of 2016 are prime examples of internet shutdowns employed in this way. In India - the country that cuts internet access the most - shutdowns have in the past clustered in Kashmir and Rajasthan, where they have been used during protests (and preemptively when protests were expected), but also during exams. In 2023, ethnic tensions in Manipur state led to most targeted shutdowns employed by the government. All 2023 Indian internet blockages and shutdowns affected around 59 million people for a total of almost 8,000 hours - the highest in the world when combined according to Top10VPN. In Ethiopia, Myanmar and Iran, the suppression of dissent, protest and in one instant the Orthodox church, have caused almost equally long user hours of internet blocks. Across the world, internet shutdowns and deliberate slowdowns have become more common once again. Given how important the internet is in everyday life, limiting access to it can have financial consequences. In Russia, Ethiopia and Myanmar, the huge number of shutdowns and their length are getting very expensive. Top10VPN found that around 1,350 hours of intentional internet downtime and targeted blocks in 2023 have cost the Russian economy $4 billion. Source: Statista
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Which Countries Have a Legal Cannabis Market? Non-medical cannabis sales are forecast to surge by around 74 percent in the United States between 2024 and 2028, increasing from $20.2 billion to $35.1 billion. This is according to estimates calculated on July 2023 by analysts at Statista Market Insights and is based on the 11 countries in which cannabis was fully or partially legalized in around the world. The U.S. is already the biggest market for non-medical legal cannabis worldwide. It is forecast to expand to become almost seven times bigger than the next largest market, neighboring Canada. Canada has a sizeable market considering that the drug’s use for recreational purposes only became legal across the country on October 17, 2018. Cannabis will soon be legally available in Germany too, with possession and cultivation of the plant for personal consumption legal for adults as of April 1, 2024. As the following chart shows, it will not be the sole market in Europe either, with the Netherlands and Spain both projected to see growth in the next four years. Source: Statista
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Age Is Not Just a Number for U.S. Voters As millions of voters head to the polls in 15 states on Super Tuesday, everything looks set for a White House rematch between President Joe Biden and former President Donald J. Trump. With Biden turning 82 two week’s after the presidential election in November and Trump turning 78 this summer, the two would be the oldest presidential nominees in history. If re-elected Biden would extend his own record as the oldest sitting president, while Trump would surpass Ronald Reagan, who was 77 at the end of his presidency, as the second oldest man to hold the highest office in the United States. Considering these numbers, it’s no surprise that voters have questions about the age and fitness of both candidates, with President Biden’s age and state of health a particular point of concern, even among democratic voters. Those concerns were amplified last month, when the special counsel investigating President Biden’s handling of classified documents from his time as vice president described him as a “sympathetic, well-meaning, elderly man with a poor memory” in his report. A new poll by The New York Times and Siena College reveals how big the concerns about Biden’s age really are, showing that 73 percent of registered voters believe that he is “just too old to be an effective president”, compared to 42 percent who think the same about Donald Trump. Even more strikingly, 61 percent of those who voted for Biden in 2020 believe he is too old now, along with 56 percent of those who identified as supporters of the Democratic Party. That doesn’t necessarily mean people won’t vote for him though, as even 59 percent of those who would vote for Biden tend to agree that he is too old to be an effective president, but they have similar concerns about Trump. Source: Statista
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Mixed Thoughts on Chances of a New Pandemic Exactly four years ago today, the World Health Organization declared Covid-19 a pandemic. Over 7 million people are reported to have died from the disease as of February 25, 2024, according to the organization’s official figures. However, reported figures are usually an underestimate, meaning that the death toll is likely even higher, especially when taking into account factors such as deaths not attributed to Covid if the person did not test and deaths caused indirectly by overwhelmed health systems. The following chart looks at public perceptions on the chances of a new pandemic emerging as a result of a new virus. Taken by Ipsos between October 30 and November 3, the survey revealed that respondents living in Malaysia, Turkey and Indonesia were among those particularly likely to say that there will be another global pandemic. By contrast, respondents in several European countries were less likely to agree with the statement, with only around four in ten in Germany, France and the UK saying it was likely. Across the 34 countries polled, an average of 48 percent said that they expected there to be another global pandemic. In order to improve levels of preparedness, governments and scientific bodies around the world are now expanding areas of research into a wider range of viral families, with the understanding that while it’s known another disease is likely to emerge, it’s unknown what that disease will look like. Scientists call this anticipated hypothetical disease, 'Disease X' - a term coined by the WHO in 2018 to describe an unknown pathogen that could emerge with an epidemic or pandemic potential. Source: Statista
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The Countries That Are Safe & Unsafe for Women Eight men were arrested in India's Northeastern Jharkhand state for allegedly raping a foreign tourist while holding her and her husband at knifepoint. The case has been tied to a video by a Spanish-Brazilian travel blogger couple identifying themselves as the victims in the attack. The pair had been traveling overland by motorcycle and had been camping. The case has caused an outcry internationally and in India, where outrage over rampant sexual violence against women has hit headlines repeatedly, catalyzed by several high-profile rape cases, like those of a 22-year-old intern in Delhi in 2012, a 71-year-old Catholic nun in West Bengal in 2015 or a 26-year-old veterinarian near Hyderabad in 2019. Two of these three women were killed. According to the Georgetown Institute 2023 Women Peace and Security Index, India scored 0.595 out of 1 points, placing it in rank 128 among 177 countries rated in the index. The report attested an especially high amount of political violence aimed at women, counting the seven-most incidents of all countries. India also fared poorly due to the rate of boys to girls being born with the sixth-worst score in the ranking. The nation was among the most improved in women's financial participation, while scoring much lower education, employment and parliamentary representation. The index employs a broad view of women's security, not only analyzing the incidence of violence against women and prevalence of discrimination, but also women's independence, taking the view that women who are educated, employed and autonomous are much safer from violence. Asia and Africa were identified as the least safe places for women by the index. In Latin America, Mexico, Colombia, Guatemala and El Salvador stuck out as places that are especially dangerous. In Europe, Southeastern Europe and Italy fared worse than the rest of the continent. Source: Statista
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Black women four times as likely to die in pregnancy The 2023 report published by MBRRACE, the collaboration appointed by the Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership to run the national Maternal, Newborn and Infant clinical Outcome Review Programme in the UK, highlights a gruesome truth in terms of maternal mortality (death of the mother during or up to six weeks after pregnancy). Between the years 2019 and 2021, data collected by MBRRACE showed that women from Black ethnic backgrounds were almost four times as likely to die during or up to six weeks after pregnancy than White women ; for Asian women, the rate of maternal mortality was almost twice as high as for White women. MBRRACE also found that women living in deprived areas, no matter their ethnic background, were twice as likely to die during or directly after pregnancy than women from affluent areas. 12 % of the women who died during or up to a year after pregnancy over the period covered by the report were at multiple severe disavantages, including mental health issues, domestic abuse or substance use, and maternal healthcare staff were often expected to care for women with those disadvantages without proper training. Mental health-related causes also accounted for almost 40 % of the deaths occurring six weeks to a year after the end of pregnancy. Among the highest causes of maternal deaths between 2019 and 2021, Covid-19 accounted for 14 % of all fatalities during or up to six weeks after the end of pregnancy, with the report noting that confused messaging and vaccine hesitancy may have played a part. Source: Statista
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China Steps Up Military Spending According to SIPRI data, China has increased its military expenditure by almost 900 percent since 1992. At around $300 billion in 2022, the Chinese spent significantly more than the Russians (around $72 billion), but their spending was still well below that of the U.S. (around $812 billion). China is the second-biggest spender in total military budget after the United States. Still, the Chinese spending spree has raised eyebrows worldwide. It came back into the spotlight last week when the reference to a "peaceful reunification" with Taiwan was dropped from a government report presented at the Chinese National People's Congress. At the same event, it was announced that the Chinese defense budget was to grow another 7.2 percent in 2024. The South China Morning Post out of Hong Kong reports that the Chinese military budget has pivoted towards combat readiness and preparation for war. Part of the increased Chinese military investment is going towards more "advanced technology, science, logistics and key weaponry and equipment", the newspaper reports. Source: Statista
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A Matter of Faith For many people around the world, religion plays a prominent role in their everyday lives, while others embrace secular ideas. According to a Statista Consumer Insights survey, carried out between April 2022 and March 2023, many of the most religious countries in the world can be found in Africa and the Middle East. Yet, for the countries included in the survey, Asian nations Pakistan and Indonesia together with Egypt scored highest with 99 percent of all adults in the surveyed age group professing to a religion. The most secular country in the survey was China, with only 22 percent of the adult population saying that they followed a religion. The number is not surprising given the fact that religious faith was marginalized under Communism in the country. Other relatively secular places in Asia included Vietnam, Japan, South Korea and Hong Kong. In Europe, the Czech Republic (27 percent follow a religion) is the country with the fewest people who declare themselves believers – a fact that is in part also tied to the country’s communist past. Further East in Europe, religion has not been stifled as much despite a socialist past – for example in Romania, Serbia or Lithuania and also in Russia. Poland, the home of famous pope John Paul II, also showed more religious tendencies than many of its Western European neighbors. In the West of the continent, Ireland was the most religious, while in Southern Europe, religion was most widespread in Greece, Italy and Portugal. Peru was the only country surveyed on the American continent with more than 80 percent saying they followed a religion. Most other countries here – with the exception of Canada – did nevertheless score consistently high on religious faith with little difference between North and South. Source: Statista
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The Cost of Blocking the Internet By first throttling and then blocking access to social media sites and news outlets in the aftermath of its invasion of Ukraine, Russia has caused the most expensive internet blockages of 2022 and 2023. This is according to tech company Top10VPN. The service puts the economic cost in the past year at $4 billion while they had cost more than $21 billion in the country between the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 and the end of that year. Since the blockages are country-wide, the large number of 113 million people affected causes the high price tag. The estimated cost of restricting the internet puts Russia ahead of second-ranked Ethiopia, where last year religious tensions around practicing in local languages led to internet shutdowns aimed at the country's Orthodox church as the government came out in support of the new splinter synod. Almost 30 million people were affected by this at an economic cost of $1.6 billion. Myanmar comes third because of internet shutdowns suppressing dissent regionally in the Chin, Kachin, Kayah, Magway and Mandalay states as well as restricting access to social network X (formerly Twitter) since the country's last coup in 2021. Economic costs for this reached almost $1 billion last year. Myanmar is also the country which shut down the internet for the longest time in 2023: Almost 19,000 hours. However, the long-term targeted blocks only affected around 24 million people. Putting together hours of blocks and shutdowns and people affected, India restricted the internet most last year at more than 470 billion user hours (59 million people affected for almost 8,000 hours), when the government used outages to quell civil unrest locally, mainly in Manipur state. Source: Statista
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